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Summary Evil and Suffering notes

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Short evil and suffering notes

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  • December 27, 2023
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  • 2022/2023
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Evil and Suffering

What is evil?
There are 2 types of evil:
 Natural Evil: evil caused by the natural world, evil which
humans have limited control over
Hurricanes, Tsunami, Earthquakes, Disease, Famine
 Moral Evil: evil directly or indirectly caused by humans- usually
the result of immorality
Adultery, Neglect, Murder, Theft, Abuse, War
 Sometimes evils are less defined and can be considered to
arch into both these categories.

Views of evil
 The absence of Good- a privation
 Original sin- a tendency towards evil
 Satan “the accuser”- appears a number of times in scripture-
exorcisms held today
 Spiritual forces: Ephesians 6:12 (Paul)
 Damaged mind- a physiological phenomenon

Epicurus, Hume, Mackie, and Rowe
 Epicurus outlined this problem in the “logical problem of evil
and Hume and Mackie in the “Inconsistent Triad” (Logical
Problem)- a deductive argument
 Here they pointed out that either God does not have one of
these qualities or he simply does not exist since evil clearly
exists.
 Rowe deals with the evidential problem- an inductive argument

The Atheist Response
 There can be no God= there is evil
 If there is a God = he is not worthy of worship
 Evil is a brute fact
 Evil is the net result of “survival of the fittest”
 Evil can be partly defeated if we develop altruism and better
science

How do theists respond to this?
 Theodicy: this is the defence for God/ apology despite the
presence of suffering.
There are three main theodicies:
i. Augustinian- soul deciding
ii. Irenaean- soul-making

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