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AQA GCSE Physics - Electricity Topic Summary
GCSE AQA Physics summary notes for the electricity topic. These notes are aesthetic and will encourage you to revise. They are visually appealing, easy to read and informative.
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ELECTRICITYphysics
Open Switch
In order for charge to flow in a circuit, there
must be potential different (from a battery
Closed Switch or cell) and the circuit must be closed.
Cell
Battery CHARGE FLOW EQUATION
charge flow = current * time
Ammeter
A Q = It
Voltmeter Q = charge flow in Coulombs (c)
V
I = current in amps (A)
Filament Lamp
t = time is seconds (s)
Resistor
Fuse If a circuit has a single loop, the current is
the same everywhere in the circuit. There
are two factors that determine the current
Variable Resistor
of a circuit:
Thermistor Resistance (R) and Potential Difference (V)
This can be shown in the equation…
Light Dependent
Resistor
Diode
CURRENT EQUATION
Light Emitting Diode
potential difference = current * resistance
V = IR
V= potential difference in volts (V)
I = current in amps (A)
R = resistance in ohms (Ω)
, ELECTRICITY
physics
Ohm’s Law states - the voltage across a conductor is directly proportional to the current flowing
through it, provided all physical conditions (like temperature) remains constant.
current current current
voltage voltage voltage
OHMIC FILAMENT LAMP DIODE
CONDUCTOR As the current increases, the A diode pushes the current
temperature of the filament lamp through in one direction.
(a resistor at a constant
increases so the resistance The diode has a very high
temperature)
increases. This means that less resistance in the other
The current through an ohmic current can flow per unit of direction.
conductor is directly potential difference so the graph
proportional to the potential gets shallower.
difference so it is straight line
graph.
Resistance Ω
Resistance Ω
dark light cold Temperature hot
Light intensity
LIGHT DEPENDENT RESISTOR THERMISTOR (TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT RESISTOR)
In bright light the resistance falls In hot conditions, the resistance drops
In darkness the resistance is the highest In cool conditions, the resistance goes up
Uses: automatic night lights, burglar detectors Uses: temperature control and sensing
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