Summary
module 5 thermodynamics summary
- Institution
- OCR
coincise summary on thermodynamics in module 5 including : born haber cycles, enthalpy changes, entropy, free energy, calculations. diagrams to show calculations and cycles
[Show more]
Content preview
THERMODYNAMICSLATTICE ENTHALPY
Formation of 1 mole of ionic lattice from its gaseous ions under standard conditions
Exothermic: ionic bond formation
To measure strength of ionic bonding in a giant ionic lattice
IONIC SIZE increases :
● Attraction between ions decreases
● Lattice enthalpy less negative
Across period ionic size decreases: more protons attract same number of electrons
IONIC CHARGE increases:
● Attraction between ions increases
● Lattice enthalpy more negative
Outweighs increase in the number of ions with positive charge
ENTHALPY CHANGES OF:
ATOMISATION: formation of 1 mole of gaseous atoms from the element in its standard
state under standard conditions
Endothermic: bonds are broken to form gaseous atoms
FIRST IONISATION ENERGY: the energy required to remove one mole of the most
loosely held electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms to produce 1 mole of gaseous
ions each with a charge of 1+
Endothermic: energy is required to overcome the attraction between the negatively
charged electron and the positively charged nucleus
FIRST ELECTRON AFFINITY: 1 electron is added to each atom in 1 mole of gaseous
atoms to form 1 mole of gaseous 1- ions
Exothermic: electron being added is attracted to the positive nucleus
SECOND ELECTRON AFFINITY:
Endothermic: the second electron is being gained by the anion that repels the electron
away = energy is required to force the negative electron onto the negative ion
BORN-HABER CYCLES
Enthalpy of formation = sum of known enthalpy changes
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller erikakumar. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £2.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
56326 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now