Unlock your path to an A grade with my comprehensive notes on Unit 3 AC1.2 Assess the usefulness of investigative techniques in criminal investigations. Packed with everything you need – textbook insights, lecture materials, and in-depth research featuring real-life case studies and statistics.
AC1.2
Intelligence Databases
● A System that manages information and presents it in an informative and clearer manner such as drug and
weapon flags. They are used by the police during investigations at the station.
The Police National Database
● Holds intelligence, including 3.5 billion searchable records about suspected criminal activity, as well as data
on the PNC which allows organisations to information capture on local systems
The Police National Computer
● An amalgamation of several separate databases which hold information such as …
○ Arrests, convictions, police cautions
○ Forensic evidence
○ Vehicle registration data
○ Missing or wanted persons
CRIMINT & the Gangs Violence Matrix
● CRIMINT is a database run by the MET that stores info on criminals, suspected criminals, and protesters
● GVM is a database that identifies, and risk assesses gang members across London, specifically violent ones
↳ Measures the harm people pose by scoring them based on the evidence against them. The scores are then
graded as Red, Amber, or Green (RAG rating) denoting the level of risk they present to the public
International Databases
● Interpol manages 19 police databases with information on crimes worldwide which are accessible in real-time
● One database on INTERPOL is the International Child Exploitation Database
↳ Helps victim identification specialists worldwide analyse and compare child sexual abuse images
Strengths
● Offer immediate access to the most current and precise information. Automated alert systems within the
platform notify personnel about significant developments, aiding timely responses
● Promotes collaboration among various agencies at different levels, from local systems to national systems.
● Streamlining and expediting the investigative process means that there is less time and effort needed to
conduct a thorough investigation. Therefore, less money is needed to optimise resource allocation
Limitations
● In 2021, the MET police had to remove 1,000 young black men from the CRIMINT database (racial prejudice)
● In 2018, a significant breach leaked 203 names from the CRIMINT database, falling into the hands of gangs
● In 2017, 2 MET officers were jailed for unauthorised access and jacking into the force’s intelligence database.
This breach of security led to the leaking of a protected witness’s identity to a defence lawyer
Forensic Evidence
● Forensic evidence is any evidence collected from a crime scene and analysed using scientific methods.
● Forensic evidence is collected by SOCOs and analysed by forensic scientists
DNA
● Highly sensitive techniques have been developed for the extraction and rapid analysis of DNA
● DNA is found in almost every cell in the human body and is unique to everyone, making DNA profiling one of
the most important forensic developments since fingerprints
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