WGU C955 EXAM/44 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS
median vs IQR - -skewed data uses these for center and spread
-Histogram - when to use - -Based on the shape of the
distribution, uses mean +
standard deviation OR
median + IQR to describe
center and spread - Larger data sets; shows
shapes of distribution and
potential outliers; ignores the
individual data valuesl
-Histogram Skewed right - -Not a symmetric distribution, the tail is on the
right
-Standard Deviation Rule - -68% of the data are within 1 standard deviation,
95% are within 2,
99.7% are within 3 standard deviations from the mean.
-Scatter plot - -A graphical representation of Q -> Q
If relationship is linear (confirmed
using the scatterplot), use the
correlation coefficient to describe
strength of relationship and the
least-squares regression line to make
predictions
-Two way table - -A graphical representation of C -> C
Relative frequencies OR conditional
percentages for each row/column of
the explanatory variable
-Side-by side box - -A graphical representation of C -> Q
5-number summaries of the response
variables
-Interpolation - -Making predictions *within* the range of your data. This is
usually accurate.
-Extrapolation - -Making predictions *outside* of the range of your data.
This is generally a bad idea.
, predictions for data larger than the maximum x-value or smaller than the
minimum x-value of the known data points
-Simpson's Paradox - -When split up, each data set can have a pattern
which goes away when all the data is combined.
can only occur when the sizes of the groups are inconsistent
-Population - -The group you want to study
-Sampling frame - -the list of people or things you pull the sample from
-Sample - -the subset of the population that is actually being studied
-Simple random sample - -participants are randomly chosen from the entire
population
-Voluntary sample - -researchers invite everyone in the sampling frame to
participate,those who respond make up the sample.
-Cluster sample - -some groups are chosen, all people within those groups
are studied
-Stratified sample - -all groups are chosen, only some people within each
group arestudied
-P(A)*P(B) - -independent events: P(A and B) =
-P(A|B) or P(BIA) - -P(A and B) ÷ P(B) or P(A and B) ÷ P(A)
-P(A or B) - -P(A) + P(B) - P(A and B)
-Box plot - -Larger data sets; shows the
5-number summary, shows
spread; ignores individual
data values and the number
of values (allowing to
compare sets of different
sizes)
-Farenheit to Celsius - -C= 5/9 (F-32)
-Celsius to Fahrenheit - -F= 9/5 (C+32)
-Dot Plot - When to use - -Smaller data set; useful to
display the distribution and
show gaps and outliers
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