Complete summary notes according to official A Level ORC exam specification for Nucleotides And Nucleic Acids component (3.1.3) of Foundations In Biology topic.
Nucleotides And Nucleic
Acids
Nucleotides consist of:
A pentose sugar
A phosphate group
A nitrogen containing organic (carbon based) base
DNA and RNA are polynucleotides (polymers) that are made up of
nucleotide monomers.
DNA nucleotides contain:
Penose sugar Phosphate group Bases
Deoxyribose (hydrogen at 2’ position) Present Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
Nucleotides And Nucleic Acids 1
, RNA nucleotides contain:
Phosphate
Penose sugar Bases
group
Adenine (A)
Ribose (has hydroxyl / OH group at 2’ Uracil (U)
position). The presence of the OH group Present
makes RNA more susceptible to hydrolysis. Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
There are 2 types of nitrogenous base.
Purines Pyrimidines
Adenine (A) Thymine (T)
Nucleotides And Nucleic Acids 2
, Guanine (G) Cytosine (C)
Purines have a double ring
structure and pyrimidines
have a single ring Uracil (U)
structure.
Between 2 antiparralel DNA
polynucleotide strands there
are hydrogen bonds between
complementary bases.
2 hydrogen bonds are formed
between Adenine (A) and
Thymine (T).
3 hydrogen bonds are formed
between Guanine (G) and
Cytosine (C).
These bases are known as
complementary pairs and are
vital in maintaining the
double helix structure of DNA.
Nucleotides And Nucleic Acids 3
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller arthur27. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £4.69. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.