Summary Reproduction in Vertebrates- Life Sciences (Biology)
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Module
Life Sciences
Institution
12th Grade
A well summarised document including explanations of internal and external fertilisation , oviparous, ovoviviparous and viviparous animals as well as diagram and info on the amniotic egg and parental care. From the Life Science Study Guide By E Russell.
REPRODUCTIVE ANIMAL STRATEGIES
Ultimatecoalforeachspecies
beendevelopedtomaximisereproductive
strategieshave
Producemaxnumber
of
surviving success
while
offspring least
using amount
ofenergy reproductiveeffort simple
complex
strategies
strategies ouniquetoeachspecies
Asexualreproduction sexualreproduction chemical pheromones femalelovelargeelaborate
lowermicroscopicanimal features more
Allvertebrates visual physical energy
energy
efficient 9h input
energy stimuli
Auditory choose
bettermale reinforce
effort pairbonding healthieroffspring
Clowreproductive
orcombination
malefrogisingtoattract
soggy
designed
toattractanotheranimalformating g
andbreeding
Benefit
found
suitablemate
sexualbehaivouraimed
bothready
INTERNAL
V1
EXTERNAL InternalCinna EXTERNAL INTERNAL
FERTIVIATION nervetrial
vertebrate
female Aavaticanimals oterreltrialanimals
gametesdirectlyinto
male
Birostreptile cloaca singleopening largeamountofsperm sperm intofemale
d irectly
located
inlowerabdomen overproduced ensurethat ifeneroraproovied
ExternalCovalidebody atleastsome
s urvive
nineopthengoalaefoosperm
water moltaquaticvertebrates mammals penissipermaofemale waterneededtorsperm
spermwithovaexposed
toswimapreventorum
water protestiovatromoehyovation oiopulation tromdesication
toenvironmentalconditions
andallowispermaoswimaowaudiova
remove spermiannothedelaroyedby
advantage
environmental
conditions Fewembryossurvive Gametes embryo
not
Highmortanagrate loittopredation washed
waitetul prodriellaugenoofeggid maximised
by awayGreaterchanceof
majorityareeaten loitincourent closer
Fertilisationmorecertain gametes survival
fertilisation notiertain Betterchanceof
Fewer
gameteneeded Lowchanceof
ftp.ensuveithoviandlotspermhova saved
energy as fertilisation
fertilisationsucceeding succeedingas
Maxim ofgamete
p rotection offeredprotection
little
very
hugeno oteggdipermprodviedwhichIncrease
Advantages togametes
conditions
offertilisation
probability by
ospermtovaprotested environmental laraeno.at
offspring fewer p roduced
offspring
thatwouldduythemovt thatatleastsome because rate
survival
Courtshiprituals survive
despite mortality
notionatopredationwashed
Gametes embryos away greater
maledfemaletithiwimsidebylidetoensure rate
Cateralisation succeed feweroffspring
close
gametesare together more likelyto
produced
Eqifilhitrogliaoads
to
maledingstotemale'sback mating
embraceshereleasesound
hereleasesspermsovevora Fertilisation azygotedevelope
tolittleembryothatcoveredinjelly
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