Comparing Assumptions in Psychology - AQA, WJEC, EDEXCEL, OCR
This is a comparison table for all of the approaches in psychology ie. biological, psychodynamic, behaviourist, positive
It compares the strengths and weaknesses/ similarities and differences. It is VERY detailed
All you need to do is ju...
Biological Psychodynamic Behaviourist Cognitve Positve
Assumptons Behaviour is due to our Behaviour as adults is due Behaviour is due to us Behaviour is based on our Behaviour can be changed because
physiological makeup- to childhood experiences. responding to environmental thoughts and beliefs we have the free will to control the
DNA, neurotransmiters It believes that our stmuli. It believes that we about a partcular actons that we do. It believes that
and hormones that afect behaviour is infuences by have been classically and situaton or person humans can develop our positve
our brain. It also believes emotons beyond our operantly conditoned into (internal mental qualites in order to live a fulflled
that behaviour can be conscious awareness behaviour. Life experiences processes and schemess. and happy life
explained through genes which have been buried afect how a person behaves Its all about our
(inherited characteristcss in the unconscious mind. since we can be rewarded or percepton and
Maltreatment during punished for our behaviour. expectatons about
childhood would have This shows that external certain events or people.
afected the development environmental factors It believes our mind
of these emotons, thus infuence our behaviour and works like a computer,
afectons our behaviour we are trained to act in a we input info, process it
(ie. ID, EGO, SUPEREGOs certain way. (store its and then it is
output (recalled when
neededs
Nature/Nurture NATURE NATURE NURTURE NATURE NURTURE
Believe that behaviour is Adult personality and Believe that we are born as a Believe that our brain has Believes that individuals are free to
innate (we are born with behaviour is due to the tablula rasa (blank slates and innate capacites as choose their own behaviour and
certain behaviours. For confict between innate apart from a few innate informaton processors conscious thoughts lead to self-
example, psychological drive (natures. These refexes we learn all behaviour (ie. the computer directed behaviour.
disorders can be explained drives include the id, ego from the environment around analogys Individuals take responsibility for
by neurotransmiters, DNA and superego. He us. We do this through their actons and feel empowered
and brain structure. believed that the Id was classical and operant NURTURE to build on their strengths
E.g. schizophrenia caused driven by Eros (the life conditoning. E.g. phobias are Believe behaviour is
by high dopamine levels drive which preserves learnt via classical infuenced by learning
lifes and Thanatos (the conditoning eg. Litle albert. and experience (natures
NATURE AND NURTURE death drive which through observing and
In terms of epigenetcs it motvates antsocial actss. perceiving the world
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