The earth’s Geochemical Geodynamic Rocks are constantly subjected to great stresse
interior model model generated by tectonic plates in motion. This ca
cause different types of deformations:
Direct data- Seismic Three concentric layers based on Based on the physical state of the Elastic deformation: The rock returns to its origi
studies: the differences in the composition rocks and their behaviour with shape.
of the rocks. seismic waves. Ductile deformation: The rock deforms and doe
P waves: They travel 1.- Crust: Outer layer of the Earth, 1.-Lithosphere: Outermost layer. return to its original shape, forming folds.
thorough all materials formed by aluminium silicates. 10-35km Continental & Ocenaic. Brittle deformation: The rock breaks into separa
in any physical state deep.
fragments forming faults and joints.
and they are fast. -Continental crust. 3.- Asthenosphere: Plastic, solid,
-Oceanic crust. melting TºC.
S waves: They only Faults
travel thorough solid 2.- Mantle: Middle layer, made of dense 4.- Mesosphere: Solid and rigid. Type of fracture where there is a displacement
materials. rocks, mainly peridotite and formed by one block of rock with respect to another:
magnesium silicates. 35- 2900km deep. 5.- Outer core: The only molten layer. Normal fault: Blocks move apart.--> Surface incre
Discontinuities: Reverse fault: Blocks compress.-->Surface decrea
Changes in speed of 3.- Core: Mainly made of iron and nickel. 6.- Inner core: Simmilar to O.C but Strike-slip fault: Blocks move horizontally relativ
seismic waves. 2900km- Earths centre deep. solid. each other.
Plate tectonics
ISOSTASY:
The first ideas
and
Internal geological processes
CONTINENTAL DRIFT
Based of the
THEORY:
equilibrium between
Based on the fact that
the materials that form
the continents were
the Earth’s relief.
united forming a Intraplate processes
Variatons in m and v,
supercontinent. Its effects occur inside the p
causes vertical
Evidence provided by producing various phenome
movements, until
Alfred Wegner. on wether the lithosphere is
equilibruim returns.
not.
SEAFLOOR SPREADING THEORY: Oceanic lithosphere --> Volc
Based on the fact that mid-ocean ranges and seismic activiry was found
all over the seafloor ant that bands of rocks that have the same age and
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