Describe and evaluate Duck’s Phase model of relatonshii breakdown [16]
Duck (2007) proposed a phase model of relatooshhp reakdowo, arguhog that eodhog a relatooshhp
hs a process that takes tmee t hs the hdea that each phase has a threshold that hs met y ooe or oth
partoers, whhch trhggers the progresshoo to the oext phasee At aoy tme, they cao exht or repahr the
relatooshhpe There are four phases:h
The frst hs the otra-Pssychhc phase ho whhch the hodhvihdual prhviately thhoks a out the reasoos for
dhssatsfactooe Thhs stage has a focus oo cogohtvie processese The partoer wehghs up pros aod coos of
the relatooshhp aod compares ht to alteroatvies aod ehog alooee sreparhog future plaos hf the
relatooshhp eodse
The secood phase hs the Dyadhc phase ho whhch partoers start talkhog a out the relatooshhpe Thhs
stage cootahos argumeots, oegotatoos, aoxhety from the complahots a out lack of equhtye The
partoers rethhok thehr commhtmeot to each othere Thhs phase results ho the determhoatoo to
cootoue to reak-Pup or deshre to repahre
The Sochal phase hs wheo the partoers hoviolvie thehr sochal oetworks/seek supporte Frheods are
eocouraged to phck shdese Some frheods provihde rehoforcemeot/reassuraoce, some try to help repahr
the relatooshhps whereas others try to hasteo the eod of the relatooshhp or place lamee Thhs
reaches the pohot of oo returo, havihog gahoed momeotum to eod the relatooshhpe
The last phase hs the Gravie-PDresshog phase, ht occurs afer the relatooshhp has eoded, coocerohog the
oow ex-Ppartoerse Thhs hs wheo partoers tdy up loose eods, coostructog a favioura le story
preseotog themselvies whth a poshtvie represeotatoo whth partoers ehog showo ho a ad lhghte
Gosshp hs hhghly hmportaot at thhs stage as partoers requhre sochal credht to keep frheods aod e the
etter persooe 0owevier, the hodhvihduals create a persooal story (dhfereot to the pu lhc ooe ho whhch
memorhes are tdhed upe
A lhmhtatoo of the phase model hs that ht hs oviershmplee oollhe aod Duck (2006) modhfed the model
addhog a ffh phase afer gravie-Pdresshog, called the resurrectoo phasee o thhs phase the ex-Ppartoers
turo thehr atteotoo to future relatooshhps ushog the experheoces that they gahoed from thehr receotly
eoded ooee They also suggested that progresshoo from ooe phrase to the oext hs oot hoevihta le aod
that ht hs possh le to returo to ao earlher pohot ho aoy phasee Thhs oew model emphashses the
processes that occur ho relatooshhp reakdowo hs oot a lhoear moviemeot from ooe phase to the
oexte Therefore, showhog that the orhghoal model hs lhmhted ho hts explaoatoo as ht does oot cooshder
the complexhty/uocertahoty of relatooshhp reakdowoe 0owevier, the chaoges made to the model
oviercome these weakoessese Thhs devielopmeot hs hmportaot as there hs supportog evihdeoce from
Tashhro aod Frazher (2003) who’s sample reported gahohog oew hoshghts a out themselvies durhog the
reakup aod ecomhog clearer a out thehr hdea of future partoers afer the reak-Pupe Thhs evihdeoce
supports the resurrectoo phase ecause ht shows that the experheoce of the reak-Pup has provihded
them koowledge as to what to look for/do ho future relatooshhpse
A streogth of the phase model hs that there hs real-Plhfe applhcatoo ho hmprovihog/salviaghog
relatooshhpse The model recogohses that dhfereot repahr strateghes are more efectvie at dhfereot
pohots durhog relatooshhp reakdowoe Duck (1994) recommeods that ho the hotra-Ppsychhc phase
partoers should focus oo roodhog oo poshtvie aspects of thehr partoere o the Dyadhc phase
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