Dental Hygienists Guide to Nutritional Care 4th Edition By Cynthia A. Stegeman - Complete Test Bank
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,Chapter 01: Overview of Healthy Eating Habits
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Each of the following is true regarding designations for professionals in the field of nutrition
except one. Which one is the exception?
a. A nutritionist usually works in a public health setting.
b. A registered dietitian (RD) must pass a national registration examination.
c. An RD who works in public health can call herself a registered dietitian nutritionist
(RDN).
d. A dietetic technician, registered (DTR) works under supervision of a registered
nurse.
ANS: D
A dietetic technician, registered (DTR) normally works under the supervision of a registered
dietitian. Like the registered dietitian, the DTR must pass a national registration examination
and receive continuing education. Although the DTR can complete a 4-year curriculum, there
also is a 2-year option. Regarding the distinction between the registered dietitian and the
nutritionist, all registered dietitians are nutritionists, but not all nutritionists are registered
dietitians.
REF: p. 3
2. Nutrition is the process by which living things use food to obtain nutrients for energy, growth
and development. Energy is the measure of heat equivalent to 1000 calories needed to do
work.
a. Both statements are true.
b. Both statements are false.
c. The first statement is true; the second is false.
d. The first statement is false; the second is true.
ANS: C
The second statement confuses energy with the definition of a kilocalorie. Energy is the ability
or power to do work. Kilocalories are related in that the potential energy value of foods within
the body is expressed in terms of the kilocalorie. More frequently, the term calorie is used
incorrectly. A kilocalorie (kcal) is a measure of heat equivalent to 1000 calories.
REF: pp. 3-4
3. Increase in consumption of which of the following has the greatest effect on an increase in
body weight?
a. Carbohydrate intake
b. Protein intake
c. Fat intake
d. Total kilocalories
ANS: D
, There is little evidence that any individual calorie food group (carbohydrate, protein, fat) has a
unique effect on body weight. Kilocalories are the key factor to controlling body weight—not
the proportions of fat, carbohydrates, and protein, but balancing caloric intake with energy
expenditure.
REF: p. 6
4. Each of the following is true regarding weight maintenance except one. Which one is the
exception?
a. 1600 to 2400 kilocalories are recommended for adult women.
b. 2000 to 3000 kilocalories are recommended for adult men.
c. Kilocalories from alcohol do not count because they are expended rapidly.
d. A patient needing 2000 kcal/day should limit saturated fat intake to 20 g or less.
ANS: C
Like energy-producing nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats), kilocalories from alcohol
must be balanced with energy expenditure. In short, kilocalories from alcohol contribute to
weight gain in the same manner as any other substance consumed.
REF: p. 10 | p. 13
5. Dietary guidelines recommend lowering caloric requirements for older adults because
metabolic rate increases with age.
a.Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
b.Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
c.The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
d.The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
e.Neither the statement nor the reason are correct.
ANS: C
Metabolic rate decreases with age. For this reason, the caloric requirements are lowered.
Failure to lower the caloric intake without an accompanying increase in expenditure of energy
will result in weight gain. For older individuals, this can be very serious because joint and
cardiac function can be further stressed.
REF: p. 4
6. The terms calorie and kilocalorie are synonymous and can be used interchangeably. The term
kilocalorie is an older term, often associated with the metric system.
a. Both statements are true.
b. Both statements are false.
c. The first statement is true; the second is false.
d. The first statement is false; the second is true.
ANS: B
The terms calorie and kilocalorie are not synonymous. Although they are used
interchangeably, this is incorrect. They are both metric units and have different values. A
kilocalorie is a measure of heat equivalent to 1000 calories. The term calorie is incorrectly
used in discussing nutrition; kilocalorie is the appropriate term.
REF: p. 4
, 7. Each of the following nutrients provide energy except one. Which one is the exception?
a. Proteins
b. Carbohydrates
c. Fats
d. Vitamins
e. Alcohol
ANS: D
Vitamins do not provide energy, nor do minerals. Although proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and
alcohol provide energy, the body cannot use energy from the energy-containing components
of food without adequate amounts of vitamins and minerals.
REF: p. 4
8. Increasing the variety of foods often causes nutrient excesses and toxicities. A dietary change
to eliminate or increase intake of one specific food or nutrient usually alters the intake of other
nutrients.
a. Both statements are true.
b. Both statements are false.
c. The first statement is true; the second is false.
d. The first statement is false; the second is true.
ANS: D
Increasing the variety of foods is recommended to reduce the probability of developing
isolated nutrient deficiencies, nutrient excesses, and toxicities resulting from nonnutritive
components or contaminants in any particular food. For example, because red meats are an
excellent source of iron and zinc, decreasing cholesterol intake by limiting these meats can
reduce dietary iron and zinc intake.
REF: p. 4
9. Precursors are substances from which an active substance is formed. Nonessential nutrients
cannot be synthesized from other substances.
a. Both statements are true.
b. Both statements are false.
c. The first statement is true; the second is false.
d. The first statement is false; the second is true.
ANS: C
Nonessential nutrients can be used by the body; they either are not required or can be
synthesized from dietary precursors. Carotene is a precursor to vitamin A. It is found in fruits
and vegetables and is converted to an active form of vitamin A by the liver.
REF: p. 4
10. Which nutrient is the most important?
a. Protein
b. Carbohydrate
c. Minerals
d. Water
ANS: D
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