Exam (elaborations)
NSG 6020 Midterm Exam/69 Questions and Answers A+ Graded
NSG 6020 Midterm Exam/69 Questions and Answers A+ Graded
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NSG 6020 Midterm Exam/69Questions and Answers A+ Graded
What age does bronchiolitis occur? - -most common at age 6 months- does
not occur after age 2
-main symptom of bronchiolitis - -wheezing-lasts about 7 days
-most common cause of bronchiolitis - -RSV
-Treatment for bronchiolitis - -No specific treatment
-Order of lung exam - -inspect, palpate, percuss, auscultate
-Pectus Excavatum - -congenital posterior displacement of lower aspect of
sternum
-hollowed-out appearance
-concave appearance of lower sternum
-Pectus carinatum - -at birth
-post CABG
mid childhood and 11-14 year old pubertal males undergoing a growth spurt
-convex deformity
-97% have MVP
-Barrel Chest - -associated with emphysema and lung hyperinflation
-accompanying x-ray demonstrates increased ant-post diameter as well as
diaphragmatic flattening
-Tactile fremitus - -palpable vibrations of the bronchiopulmonary tree as the
patient is speaking (99 or 1-2-3)
-impeded in COPD, pulm effusion or pneumothorax
-increased in consolidation and PNA
-percussion:
flatness - -(thigh)
Large Pleural effusion
-Percussion- dullness - -(liver)
Lobar PNA
-Percussion: resonance - -(Lung)
simple chronic bronchitis
, -Percussion: hyperresonance - -None
-emphysema, pneumothorax
-Percussion: tympany - -(gastric bubble)
-large pneumothorax
-Auscultation: vesicular - -soft and low pitched; usually heard over most of
both lungs
-Auscultation: bronchial - -louder and higher in pitch; usually heard over the
manubrium
-Auscultation: bronchovesicular - -intermediate intensity and pitch; usually
heard over the 1st and 2nd interspaces
-Auscultation: tracheal - -over the trachea and neck, very loud
-Rhonchi - -low-pitched snore-like sounds, often characterized by secretions
w/in the large airways
-sometimes cleared with a cough
-Wheezes - -continuous, high-pitched, musical, sounds that are produced by
air flowing through narrowed bronchi
-predominately expiratory
-stridor - -loud, rough, continuous, high-pitched sound that is pronounced
during inspiration
-indicates proximal airway obstruction
-absent/attenuated sounds - -NO airflow to the region being auscultated
-can occur in a pneumothorax, hemothorax, pleural effusion, or parenchymal
consolidation
-Crackles - -intermittent, nonmusical, very brief, more pronounced during
inspiration
-fine or course
fine (softer, higher in pitch)
course (louder, lower in pitch)
-Bronchophony - -ask pt to say "99"
-should be muffled and indistinct
-CLEAR sounds are called bronchophony
-Egophony - -ask pt to say "ee"
-you should hear a muffled long ee sound
-"ee" sounds like "ay" it is positive and called egophony
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