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Optional Unit 18: Assessing Children’s Development Support Needs assignment 1 distinction
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Optional Unit 18: Assessing Children’s Development Support Needs assignment 1 distinction
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Assessing Children's Development Support Needs:The study of child development focuses on how kids change as they become older in terms
of their physical growth, scholastic abilities, language abilities, emotional states, and social
skills. Children develop at different speeds depending on their surroundings, ability, level of
stimulation, and chances offered to them as they mature.
In the future I am considering taking up a career in a Family centre. In order for me
to do this I would be expected to know about child development as this would help
me to support families that may visit or reside in the family centre.
Introduction:
Throughout this report I will be discussing the growth and development patterns of
children between the ages of 0-8 as well as their patterns of growth. In this report I
will also be looking at 5 areas of development physically, intellectually, linguistically,
emotionally and socially.
18/A.P1 Explain patterns of growth and development of selected children of
different ages.
What is Growth and Development?
Growth: growth is the increase in a quantity that can be measured for example
height and weight the principle of growth is that growth is that growth rates aren't
consistent and different parts of the body grow at different rates
Development: development is the complex changes in skills of a individual that
changes as they grow the principle of development is that development is changes
that can be complex and the levels of ability change through time
Physical development:
Locomotion: In physical development there is locomotion. Locomotion is the ability
to move from one place to another thi si used because as children become more and
more sociable locomotion is used to learn athletic skills. During the first two years of
life there are many locomotion milestones for example balancing,sitting,crawling and
walking develop at a faster pace. Throughout life locomotion development never
comes to an end.
Balance:Through physical development there is also one's balance and
coordination. balance and coordination mean one's ability to maintain control of
one's body whilst performing tasks for example going up stairs or sitting at a table.
With balance there are two types of balance one consists of static balance which
consists of the ability to hold a stationary position with control for example when one
,freezes or stays still like a statue. Another form of balance is dynamic balance. This
is when someone is able to keep up their balance when they are moving for example
when you are playing a sport like football or basketball and running or when riding a
bike to maintain balance so you don't fall.
coordination: Coordination mainly consists of hand eye coordination this is when
the eyes receive information form the brain and guides the hands to complete the
task you are doing for example this could be when you are typing on a computer or
when you are playing catch and trying to catch a ball this is necessary for task to be
carried out by an individual with precision and is an essential life skill.
Fine and gross motor skills:In physical development there's fine and gross motor
skills. Gross motor skills involve the larger areas of the muscles for example walking
and lifting objects up(using legs and arms). Whereas fine motor skills involve the use
of smaller muscles for example writing or doing up buttons using fingers. During a
person's lifespan they increase what they are able to use their gross motor skills for.
Physical development through the ages: Newborn babies: when a baby is born
they have minimal gross motor skills compared to that of an 8 year old. For example,
newborns possess minimal gross motor skills that in turn only enable them to use
their primitive reflexes. These primitive reflexes are reflexes that are in the central
nervous system in the brain when a child is born this mean the baby can only use
minimal gross motor skills for example grasp as you can tell when a baby may get
hold of you hair and they are then present with a lot of strength as you try to remove
their hand from your arm. Similarly they have minimal use of there fine motor skill
only being able to do minimal action like holding their thumbs tucked into their hands
4 weeks old: now you will see a giant milestone of a baby growth where they use
their gross motor skills to lift there chin and they begin to develop some control of
their head this is important because it allows them to begin to turn their head and
learn more about the world and to respond to the sound of a parental figure of
something interesting they may have seen. Also in this period there fine motor skills
will have slightly increased allowing them to reach another milestone which includes
opening their hand to grasp a finger this is important because it allow the baby to
start taken grasp of more objects to find out how they feel and how heavy different
things are
3 months after birth: in this stage the child's ability to use their gross motor skill
increases, enabling them to lift their head and chest when lying on their front; this will
allow them to start to support their neck. Similarly their fine motor skills develop to
the stage where they are able to begin grasping small objects like a rattle. This once
again is important development as it is the building blocks for what eventually will be
the child's ability to hold objects and move them around.
6 months: after being on the planet for half a year the the child's gross motor skills
should of developed to the area where they can now roll over and sit up for a short
,amount of time without support this is an integral part of development as the child is
now being able to hold its weight and not need as much assistance from baby chairs.
Similarly to the gross motor skills development the fine motor skills also develop this
involves the child now being able to use their hands to move objects from hand to
hand and now being able to pick up objects if the objects are dropped in the child's
sight.
9-10 months: this is when the child reaches one of its major developmental
milestones; this includes the child now being able to crawl around; this allows them
to explore the world on their own. The child also begins to cruise; this means that the
child is able to walk around but only when holding onto objects like a parent's hand
or a side rail. Similarly to the last developmental stages the child's fine motor skills
are once again developed to the point where the child is able to use their individual
fingers and thumb to hold small objects.
12-13 months: at this stage the child has been on the planet for a whole year and
once again usually meets another major developmental milestone in terms of their
gross motor skills This is when the child is now able to stand and walk alone without
assistance. This is important because it means the child is able to walk around and
explore the world. Also the fine motor increases more as to where the child is able to
manipulate toys and place them around.
18 months: by the first 1 and a half years of the child being alive they become more
adventurous with them now using their gross motor skills to climb onto furniture
everywhere. Their fine motor skills develop to where they are now using their fingers
and thumbs to pick up blocks and arrange them into a tower.
2 and a half years: by this point the child's gross and fine motor skills develop a lot
for example at the stage of only 2 years the child should be able to throw a large ball
and propel themselves with their feet when they are on a sit-on toy there fine motor
skills also enable them to start to draw circles on paper and begin to turn pages of a
book. Similarly at the stage of 2 and a half years they now are able to jump from a
low step and kick a ball using their gross motor skills whereas using their fine motor
skills they are now able to use a spoon and fork rather than using just a plastic
spoon to eat their food.
4 years of age: by the age of four the child is now in the stage of early childhood and
now is able to do more activities using their fine and gross motor skills compared to
when they were in the stage of birth and infancy. For example they should be able to
use their gross motor skills to not only kick and throw a large ball but also be able to
use pedals to ride a tricycle and balance on a single foot for 1 second. By the age of
4 their fine motor skills also develop to the stage where they are able control
movements they make enough for them to be able to use a pencil to copy letters or
build a tower with cubes.
6 years of age: by the age of six the child should now be able to do a range of
activities this may include using there gross motor skills to hop on each foot
separately and be able to skip and ride a bicycle whereas they should be capable of
using there fine motor skills to be able to dress themselves and undress themselves
, as well as being able to tie their shoe laces and begin attempting to use buttons and
pulling zips.
8 years of age: this is the final stage of growth and development that i will talk about
in this report. By the age of 8 the child's gross motor skills should enable the child to
have good strength and body coordination. This would mean that the child should
now be able to take part in many activities and sports that are available to the child.
Not only this but the child's fine motor skills should have developed to the point
where they will have good enough control of their small muscles to be able to draw
detailed pictures on paper and also colour the pictures in.
Intellectual/cognitive development:
Intellectual and cognitive development is used to reach milestones and mature in
certain areas such as when a child completes a jigsaw puzzle and also when a child
uses their thinking skills to solve a problem or when using physical skills to carry out
a fix to a problem. Also development is very dependent on other factors such as any
personal experiences that a child would have been through in their early life.
Intellectual/cognitive development through the ages:
0-3 months of age: at this stage a baby can only do certain movements; these may
include little movements such as beginning to smile when they see something they
like or a parental figure. Similarly they begin to use their eyes to follow objects
around, for example when a parent shows a toy in front of a baby their eyes will
follow it and if they hear a certain sound they may turn their head towards that
object.
4-6 months of age: at this age there is a big development for the baby as now they
are able to properly smile,laugh and gurgly. As well as this they begin to explore the
ground using their hands and feet. This is also known as crawling. Also during this
stage they begin to find out what everything taste like as they benign to put
everything in their mouths also you will see that your child will begin to listen and
respond when they are being spoken to which is important because they now begin
to listen and learn from the parents and learn how certain objectives can be achieved
7-12 months of age: at this stage the child begins to vocalise words to better
communicate with the parents as well as this they begin to pull themselves up on
sides to begin to walk and maintain balance to stand. The child will also begin to
recognise its name when called and will listen out for its name. The child will also be
able to put objects in containers which shows development of their brain function as
they are now able to put the right objects in the right container.
1-2 years of age: at this age the child will have to do many activities such as running,
walking and climbing which is important as it allows the child to begin to explore the
world around them from their own point of view.the child will also use there brain to
begin to understand ideas and start to solve problems. As well as this they will begin
to imitate others in the actions they may do.
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