Exam (elaborations)
ATI TEAS 7 BIOLOGY REVIEW UPDATED
- Institution
- ATI TEAS 7 BIOLOGY REVIEW UPDATED 2022-2023
ATI TEAS 7 BIOLOGY REVIEW UPDATED
[Show more]
Content preview
ATI TEAS 7 BIOLOGY REVIEW UPDATED 2022-2023______ in DNA and RNA can lead to error in proteins. - ansMutations
2 Types of nucleic acids: - ans1. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
2. RNA (ribonucleic acid)
3 Primary types of chemical bonds: - ans1. Covalent
2. Ionic
3. Polar
4 Types of Macromolecules - anscarbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
A cell that secretes chemicals contain higher levels of what organelle? - ansGolgi
Apparatus
Adenine pairs with ______ in DNA, and with ______ in RNA - ansThymine; uracil
Adipose Tissue - ansConnective tissue in the body that stores fat.
All proteins contain - ansC, H, O and N (Nitrogen)
amine group (NH2) and carboxyl group (COOH)
Allele - ansDifferent types or versions of a gene
Amino acids are joined by what bond? - ansPeptide
At the molecular level, carbohydrates contain - ansCarbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Carbohydrate functions in living systems - ans1. storage
2. structure
3. communication/recognition
Carbohydrate monomers tend to end in - ans-ose
Carbohydrate stored in the liver - ansglycogen
Carbohydrates that store energy - ansGlycogen (humans) Amylopectin and Amylose
(plants)
Carbohydrates used in cellular communication - ansGlycoprotein (immunity) &
Glycolipids (cell membrane)
Centromere - ansArea where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
chitin - anscarbohydrate used by fungi to add structure to their cell wall and by
insects/anthropods in their exoskeleton
,ATI TEAS 7 BIOLOGY REVIEW UPDATED 2022-2023
Chromatid - ansone of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome joined at
the centromere containing DNA + Protein.
Codon - ansthree-nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single
amino acid
Combination Inheritance - ansDifferent alleles expressed at the same time (AB)
Dehydration Synthesis - ansA chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond
to each other with the removal of a water molecule (endothermic)- how macromolecules
form
DNA - ansDeoxyribonucleic acid that has a double helix structure, deoxyribose sugar
backbone, phosphate group, and nitrogenous bases
DNA contains the sugar ____________, while RNA contains the sugar ___________. -
ansdeoxyribose; ribose
Endothermic Reaction - ansA reaction that ABSORBS energy in the form of heat
Enzyme - ansProtein that increases reaction rate in the body
Every monomer of nucleic acid contain 3 things: - ans1. sugar
2. phosphate group
3. nitrogen containing base
Examples of globular (hydrophilic proteins) - ans1. Enzymes
2. Antibodies
3. Hemoglobin
Fibrous, hydrophobic protein that is the main structural tissue in the body - ansCollagen
Functions of proteins in the body - ans1. Provide structure
2. Provide immunity
3. Provide transport
4. Increase reaction rate (enzymes).
Gene - ansGroup of DNA base pairs that encode a protein
Gene - ansSection of DNA that encodes a protein
Genotype versus phenotype - ansGenotype
Genetic makeup a person inherits
Phenotype
Characteristic or trait the person eventually has
,ATI TEAS 7 BIOLOGY REVIEW UPDATED 2022-2023
Observed physically
Glucose - ansA very common carbohydrate monomer that exists as a hexose (meaning
it has 6 carbons in it).
Glycoprotein - ansA protein with one or more carbohydrates covalently attached to it,
used by the human body for cellular recognition. Oligosaccharide with amino acids
attached that attaches to a cell's lipid membrane in cellular recognition; antibody,
immunoglobulin
How are carbohydrates stored in the liver? - ansas glycogen
How are hydrophobic proteins used in the body? - ansProvide structure; keratin &
collagen
How many amino acids exist? - ans20
Hydrolysis - ansa chemical reaction that adds water to a macromolecule in order to
break its covalent bond; key component in digestion
Hydrophilic proteins in the body are known as - ansGlobular proteins
Hydrophobic proteins have a function of providing ________ & are found where? -
ansstructure; keratin (hair and nails), and collagen (skin)
Incomplete Dominance - ansCases in which one allele is not completely dominant over
another, in which the heterozygous organism expresses a third trait
Independent Assortment - ansthe random distribution of genes into gametes during
meiosis
Lipids do not mix with water, meaning they are - anshydrophobic
Lipids have 2 important functions - ans1. Storing energy
2. Providing structure
Macromolecules are also known as - ansbiopolymers
Mendelian Inheritance - ansInheritance of genes which follow predictive ratios of
dominant/recessive alleles.
3:1 Monohybrid
9:3:3:1 Dihybrid
Monohybrid Cross - ansA cross between organisms examining one pair of traits.
Expected ratio if Dominant/Recessive= 3:1
, ATI TEAS 7 BIOLOGY REVIEW UPDATED 2022-2023
Monomers - anssmall molecular building blocks of polymers
Muscle cells contain a lot of which organelle? - ansMitochondrion
On a molecular level, lipids contain a lot of - anshydrogen and carbon
Phospholipids - ansUsed by cells, particularly in cell membranes, to provide structure
Plants use carbohydrates in the form of - anscellulose
Polygenic Inheritance - ansAn additive effect of two or more genes on a single
phenotypic character.
Polypeptides - ansa polymer of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds.
Process of creating mRNA from DNa - anstranscription
Process of encoding proteins - ansTranslation
Protein with hydrophobic ends that transport material in and out of the cell that is used
in cellular communication - ansMembrane protein
Purines - ansBases with a double-ring structure.
Adenine and Guanine
Pyrimidines - anscytosine and thymine (uracil in RNA)
RNA carries information from the nucleus to the _______ where proteins are made -
ansribosome
RNA is unstable under ____ conditions. - ansalkaline
Simplest unit of a carbohydrate - ansmonosaccharide
Simplest unit of a protein - ansamino acid
Simplest unit of nucleic acids - ansnucleotide
Smallest unit of a lipid - ansfatty acid
The 2 major classes of proteins are - ansHormones and Enzymes
The breakdown of macromolecules is what kind of reaction? - ansExothermic reaction
called hydrolysis
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller UDA. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £9.00. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
49497 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now