BCPS Test Questions with All Correct Answers sensitivity formula - ANSWER "Sensitivity =true positive/(true positive +false negative) Note: more sensitive is closer to 1" specificity formula - ANSWER Specificity = True negative/(true negative + false positive) precision definition - ANSWER how consistent the test results are accuracy formula - ANSWER "accuracy=(true positive plus true negative)/total - how true the test results are" receiver operator characteristic - ANSWER "the cutoff value for maximizing accuracy; describes the inverse relationship between sensitivity and specificity (i.e. increasing specificity decreases sensitivity)" positive predictive value for mula - ANSWER PPV=True positive/(true positive +false positive) negative predictive value formula - ANSWER NPV= true negative/(true negative + false negative) prevalence definition - ANSWER total number of cases at a give n time incidence definition - ANSWER new cases in a specfiic time peiod likelihood ratio formula - ANSWER "positive test =true positive %/ false positive% OR negative test =false negative %/true negative % " when is a 95% CI statis tically significant - ANSWER "for mean: if it doesn't cross 0; For OR/RR, if it doesn't cross 1" When is RR done - ANSWER prospective studies When is OR done - ANSWER retrospective studies (would overestimate the risk in prospective studies unless incidence in population is <10%) RR formula - ANSWER RR=incidence rate in exposed patients/ incidence rate in non-exposed patients if RR >1, what does that mean - ANSWER the incidence in the exposed group is higher than non -exposed group Odds Ratio Formula - ANSWER OR = (# of exposed with disease present X # of unexposed with disease absent)/(# of exposed with disease absent x # of unexposed with disease present) what looks at predictability? - ANSWER regression analysis, not correlation coefficient coefficient of variation (r squared) definition - ANSWER this provides us with the %of information we can attribute from one variable to another linear regression vs multilinear regression - ANSWER linear is 1:1 independent to dependent variables, whereas multilinear is multiple:1 independient to dependent variables logistic regression analysis - ANSWER done to determine whi ch variables are important to predicting the outcome Therapeutic Index Formula - ANSWER TI= median toxic (lethal) dose/median effective dose Drug interaction with protease inhibitors - ANSWER Inhibit CYP3A4 NNRTI that inhibits not induces - ANSWER delavridine what SNP is a problem with carbamazepine - ANSWER HLA -B*1502 what SNP is a problem with abacavir - ANSWER HLA -B*5701 more potent isomer of warfarin; cyp it goes - ANSWER S -isomer; 2C9 less potent isomer of warfarin; Cyp it goes through - ANSWER R -isomer; 3A4 inhibitors of 2C9 (4 A, S, M, F) - ANSWER Amiodarone, SMX/TMP, metronidazole, Fluconazole what cyp is most important for clopidogrel activation - ANSWER 2C19 Which PPIs inhibit Cyp 2C19 - ANSWER omeprazole, lansoprazole diltiazem/verapamil's mechanis of drug interactions (2) - ANSWER 3a4, Pgp
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