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The cosmological argument summary

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These cosmological argument notes summarise the background to the cosmological argument, Aquinas’ 3 ways, the Kalam cosmological argument, counter argument and supportive arguments for the cosmological argument, and scholarly quotes relating to the topic.

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  • March 3, 2024
  • 8
  • 2023/2024
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The cosmological argument




THE COSMOLOGICAL ARGUMENT




Page 1 of 8

, The cosmological argument


The cosmological argument scholarly quotes –

Leibniz – “why is there something rather than nothing?”

Peter Vardy – the goldfish in a pond analogy

Aquinas – “a reconcilia on of faith and reason”

Aquinas – the domino analogy

Aquinas – “it is therefore impossible that… a thing should be both moved and mover”

Reid – “neither existence nor any mode of existence can begin without efficient cause”

Aquinas “nothing can come from nothing”

Davis – “if the beginning of the universe had a cause, then it cannot have been a material
one. For material objects are part of thr universe and cannot, therefore, account for the
universe beginning to exist”

Aquinas – mo on is described as “the reduc on of something from a state of poten ality to a
a state of actuality”

Al-Ghazali – “every being which begins has a cause”

Moore – the poten al infinite is a “fundamental feature of reality”

Craig – “the cause of the universe must be a person being who freely chooses to create the
world”

Mackie – the railway carriage analogy

Copleston – a necessary being is described as “a being that must exist and cannot not-exist”

Russell – “I should say that the universe is just there, and that is all”

Swinburne – “it is extraordinary that there should exist anything at all” he believes that there
ought more reasonably to be nothing rather than something

Kant – believes that the cosmological argument contains “invalid assump ons which prove
nothing”

Flew – if everything needs an explana on then God needs one too according to Flew

Neilsen – “if the series were literally infinite, there would be no need for a first cause”




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