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NYSTCE CST 245 Arts and Science Exam with complete solutions
NYSTCE CST 245 Arts and Science Exam with complete solutions
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NYSTCE CST 245 Arts and ScienceExam with complete solutions
Seasonal changes - -moon orbits earth once per month
-Yearly Changes - -earth orbits around the moon one time per year
-physical change - -A change in a substance that does not change its
identity
-chemical change - -charastics change in state or phase
-transformation of energy examples - -Chemical Energy is converted to
Electrical Energy (stove), Kinetic Energy (car), Electricity (power plant), and
Mechanical Energy (space shuttle). Electricity is converted to light (light
bulb) and sound and light (TV).
-effects of common forces - -accelerate in body is in motion if at rest
-conservation of energy - -Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it may be
transformed from one form into another, but the total amount of energy
never changes
-nation-state - -A country who's population share a common identity.
-nationalism - -Loyalty and devotion to a particular nationality
-Fuedalism - -political system based on bonds of loyalty between lords and
vassals where the lords let them rent land for a price
-resource - -A substance in the environment that is useful to people, is
economically and technologically feasible to access, and is socially
acceptable to use.
-cultural diffusion - -The spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from
one people to another
-Ecology - -The study of how living things interact with each other and their
environment
-Six Elements of Geography - -1. The World in Spatial Terms
2. Places and Regions
3. Physical Systems
4. Human Systems
, 5. Environment and Society
6. The Uses of Geography
-Scarcity - -Limited quantities of resources to meet unlimited wants
-oppertunity cost - -cost of the loss of the next most desireable good or
service that could have been produced with a recource
-Checks and Balances - -A system that allows each branch of government to
limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power
-democratic - -ruled by the people. In a democracy, citizens elect
representatives to make and carry out laws.
-Authoritarian - -A government in which one leader or group of people holds
absolute power.
-Due Process - -(law) the administration of justice according to established
rules and principles
-Federalism - -a form of government in which power is divided between the
federal, or national, government and the states
-seperation of powers - -dividing the powers of government among the
executive, legislative, and judicial branches
-Declaration of Independence - -Signed in 1776 by US revolutionaries; it
declared the United States as a free state.
-U.S. Constitution - -A document that embodies the fundamental laws and
principles by which the United States is governed.
-Major Civil Rights Legislation - -ended segregation
-consitution of the state of new york - -establishes the structure of the
government of the State of New York, and enumerates the basic rights of the
citizens of New York
-Rule of Law - -principle that the law applies to everyone, even those who
govern
-Due Process - -fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially
as a citizen's entitlement.
-Female Suffrage - -The right for women to vote. Became a popular idea in
the 1900s.
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