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CST 245: Arts and Sciences Competency 0002 Exam/81 Questions and Answers
CST 245: Arts and Sciences Competency 0002 Exam/81 Questions and Answers
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CST 245: Arts and SciencesCompetency 0002 Exam/81 Questions
and Answers
Christopher Columbus - -Italian explorer, sailed from Spain in 1492 and
reached Americas, greatly increased European awareness of the North
American Continent
-Why did English settles colonize America - -1- to make money. 2- to set up
religious freedom. 3- to govern themselves. 4- because their landlords
evicted them. 5- they were unemployed.
-Why did the Spaniards fund Columbus? - -Loot, land and labor, spread of
Catholic faith, lots of people doing nothing-put them to work
-First US Colony - -Jamestown, Rhode Island
-Mayflower Compact - -1620 - The first agreement for self-government in
America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower (Pilgrims who
believed in community) and set up a government for the Plymouth colony.
-Seven Years War - -(1756-1763 CE) Known also as the French and Indian
war. It was the war between the French and their Indian allies and the
English that proved the English to be the more dominant force of what was
to be the United States both commercially and in terms of controlled regions.
Ended with Treaty of Paris. Set up American Revolution.
-Great Awakening - -(1730s and 1740s) Religious movement characterized
by emotional preaching (Jonathan Edwards & George Whitefield). The first
cultural movement to unite the Thirteen Colonies. Associated with the
democratization of religion.
-American Revolution - -This political revolution against Great Britain. It
began with the Declaration of Independence in 1776 where American
colonists sought to balance the power between government and the people
and protect the rights of citizens in a democracy.
-War of 1812 - -A war (1812-1814) between the United States and England
which was trying to interfere with American trade with France.
-American Civil War - -Fought from 1861 to 1865, first application of the
Industrial Revolution to warfare, resulted in the abolition of slavery in the
United States and the reunification of the North and South
, -July 4, 1776 - -when the declaration of independence adopted
-American Industrial Revolution - -industrial geography of England changed
significantly and later diffused to other parts of western Europe. In this
period of rapid socioeconomic change, machines replaced human labor and
new sources of inanimate energy were tapped. Coal. Reached America by
1800s and boomed after the Civil War (1861-1865). Economy became more
based around factory system, improved transportation (Erie Canal) helped
reduce movement prices. Increased immigration from Ireland (potato
famine) and Germany brought workers and an increased population.
Women's rights, higher education, public education, and other ideas of
individual rights became more prominent. Groundwork for social commerce
came from two important court cases. People felt safer to invest.
-World War 1 - -(1914-1918) First time all European Countries are engulfed
in one war (Italy, Austria-Hungry, and Germnay, against France, Russia,
Great Britain) as a result of industrial revolution, scramble for africa, and
alliance system, and at least 20 million people die, the assignation of
Archduke Ferdinand was the breaking point, end of empire system.
-World War 2 - -World War II was a major global conflict that lasted from
1939-1945. WWII was between Allied (USSR, US, UK, China, France, ...) and
Axis (Germany, Japan, Italy, and affiliates) powers, and spanned across every
continent (except Antarctica) at some point. WWII began on September 1,
1939 when Nazi Germany (a.k.a. the Third Reich) invaded Poland. Japan, as
well, was invading other territories in Southwest Asia. At the zenith of the
war, Germany had control over much of Central Europe, and was sending
Jews, Poles, homosexuals, and other "inadequate" people to concentration
and extermination camps (see "The Holocaust"). WWII also introduced new
styles of warfare, including widespread air strikes and tank warfare, both of
which were undeniably dominated by Germany. However, Germany's
resources began to run short as Allied forces began to capture and liberate
the concentration camps. Eventually, the Third Reich, along with Japan and
Italy, collapsed. As a result of WWI and WWII, the UN was made, along with
the establishment of Israel.
-American Imperialism - -the period when America sought to control the
political and economic fortunes of weaker nations such as Puerto Rico,
Guam, and the Philippines after the Spanish-American War
-The Great Depression - -The Great Depression was an economic depression
in the 1930s notable for its duration and intensity; Recovery was a long and
difficult process; FDR's New Deal programs served to alleviate some of the
problems but WWII production was the primary reason that Americans
started making money again
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