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AQA A-level HISTORY 7042/1F Component 1F Industrialisation and the people: Britain, c Version: 1.0 Final IB/M/Jun23/E5 7042/1F A-level HISTORY£7.16
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AQA
A-level
HISTORY
7042/1F
Component 1F Industrialisation and the people: Britain,
c
Version: 1.0 Final
IB/M/Jun23/E5 7042/1F
A-level
HISTORY
Component 1F Industrialisation and the people: Britain, c1783–1885
Wednesday 24 May 2023 Morning Time allowed: 2 hours 30 minutes
Materials
...
Component 1F Industrialisation and the people: Britain,
c1783-1885
Version: 1.0 Final
,A-level
HISTORY
Component 1F Industrialisation and the people: Britain, c1783–1885
Wednesday 24 May 2023 Morning Time allowed: 2 hours 30 minutes
Materials
For this paper you must have:
• an AQA 16-page answer book.
Instructions
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
• Write the information required on the front of your answer book. The Paper Reference is
7042/1F.
• Answer three questions.
In Section A answer Question 01.
In Section B answer two questions.
Information
• The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
• The maximum mark for this paper is 80.
• You will be marked on your ability to:
– use good English
– organise information clearly
– use specialist vocabulary where appropriate.
Advice
• You are advised to spend about:
– 1 hour on Question 01 from Section A
– 45 minutes on each of the two questions answered from Section B.
IB/M/Jun23/E5 7042/1F
, 2
Section A
Answer Question 01.
Extract A
Industrialisation quickly broke up traditional social patterns which had existed for
centuries. Living conditions in industrial towns, even more than working conditions,
created new and terrifying problems. The new urban environment, affecting a steadily
rising proportion of the nation, brought problems of poor living conditions and of social
controls, just as much as factory employment brought the problems of discipline and 5
regularity in work. Industrialists solved their problems more efficiently than local
government, police and public administrators solved theirs.
However, the evidence of bad conditions of work and life compiled by government
commissions and reformers did show a determination to get things changed. The
self-help movement appeared from the 1830s as a spontaneous phenomenon, with the 10
rapid creation of societies to implement it – even though these ideas had been preached
by the upper classes to the poor for a very long time. By the 1850s, two-thirds of the
employed population in Lancashire were on the books of such organisations.
Adapted from P Mathias, The First Industrial Nation, an Economic History of Britain,
1700–1914, 1969
Extract B
The Industrial Revolution brought both social and economic changes. Fear of
redundancy hung over the working population, who were forced to accept harsher work
discipline. The employer acknowledged no responsibility to care for his workers. Some
workers hoped for improvement in their economic conditions through legislation. Having
been excluded from the franchise in the 1832 Reform Act they turned to political 5
movements, particularly during times of depression. However, the number of people
actively engaged in political movements was small. Drink, cruel sports or evangelical
religion probably attracted larger and more permanent bodies of supporters. Perhaps the
greatest change brought by industrialisation was the movement to form combinations
among workers with a view to improving their wages and conditions of employment. But 10
the idea of a union as a permanent body with a national membership and a defined
strategy was to emerge only slowly. Employers were hostile to unions, and many
potential union leaders were distracted by the variety of other social and political
campaigns in the years 1832 to 1860.
Adapted from R Tames, Economy and Society in Nineteenth Century Britain, 1972
IB/M/Jun23/7042/1F
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