Pearson Exam #1 Exam Review
Questions with Correct Answers
Progressivism - Answer-asserts that advancement in science, technology, economic
development, and social organization are vital to improve the human condition
Imperialism - Answer-a policy of extending a country's power and influence through
diplomacy or military force
Sigmund Freud - Answer-Austrian neurologist and the father of psychoanalysis, a
clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a
psychoanalyst
Thomas Edison - Answer-American inventor and businessman. He developed many
devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph, the
motion picture camera, and the long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. Dubbed "The
Wizard of Menlo Park",[3] he was one of the first inventors to apply the principles of
mass production and large-scale teamwork to the process of invention, and because of
that, he is often credited with the creation of the first industrial research laboratory
Lenin - Answer-Russian communist revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He
served as head of government of the Russian Republic from 1917 to 1918, of the
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1918 to 1924, and of the Soviet
Union from 1922 to 1924. Under his administration, Russia and then the wider Soviet
Union became a one-party communist state governed by the Russian Communist Party.
Ideologically a Marxist, his political theories are known as Leninism
Manifest Destiny - Answer-widely held belief in the United States that American settlers
were destined to expand throughout the continent
Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine - Answer-an addition to the Monroe
Doctrine articulated by President Theodore Roosevelt in his State of the Union address
in 1904 after the Venezuela Crisis of 1902-03. The corollary states that the United
States will intervene in conflicts between European countries and Latin American
countries to enforce legitimate claims of the European powers, rather than having the
Europeans press their claims directly
Tsar Nicholas II - Answer-the last Emperor of Russia, Grand Duke of Finland, and titular
King of Poland. His official short title was by the Grace of God, Nicholas II, Emperor and
Autocrat of All the Russias. His reign saw Imperial Russia go from being one of the
foremost great powers of the world to economic and military collapse. Political enemies
nicknamed him Nicholas the Bloody because of the Khodynka Tragedy, anti-Semitic
pogroms, Bloody Sunday, his violent suppression of the 1905 Revolution, his execution
of political opponents and his perceived responsibility for the Russo-Japanese War
, Sun Yat-sen - Answer-Chinese revolutionary, first president and founding father of the
Republic of China, and medical practitioner. As the foremost pioneer of the Republic of
China. Sun played an instrumental role in the overthrow of the Qing dynasty during the
years leading up to the Double Ten Revolution. He was appointed to serve as
Provisional President of the Republic of China when it was founded in 1912. He later
co-founded the Kuomintang (KMT), serving as its first leader. Sun was a uniting figure in
post-Imperial China, and he remains unique among 20th-century Chinese politicians for
being widely revered amongst the people from both sides of the Taiwan Strait
Pan Germanism - Answer-a pan-nationalist political idea. Pan-Germanists originally
sought to unify all the German-speaking populations of Europe in a single nation-state
known as Greater Germany
Triple Entente - Answer-the understanding linking the Russian Empire, the French Third
Republic, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the signing of the
Anglo-Russian Entente on 31 August 1907
Trench Warfare - Answer-a type of combat in which opposing troops fight from trenches
facing each other
Woodrow Wilson - Answer-American politician and academic who served as the 28th
President of the United States from 1913 to 1921. As President, Wilson was a leading
force in the Progressive Movement, bolstered by his Democratic Party's winning control
of both the White House and Congress in 1912.
Fourteen Points - Answer-a statement of principles for world peace that was to be used
for peace negotiations after World War I. The principles were outlined in a January 8,
1918 speech on war aims and peace terms to the United States Congress by President
Woodrow Wilson
League of Nations - Answer-an intergovernmental organisation founded on 10 January
1920 as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War. It was
the first international organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace.
Its primary goals, as stated in its Covenant, included preventing wars through collective
security and disarmament and settling international disputes through negotiation and
arbitration
American Federation of Labor - Answer-a national federation of labor unions in the
United States. It was founded in Columbus, Ohio, in May 1886 by an alliance of craft
unions disaffected from the Knights of Labor, a national labor association
Samuel Gompers - Answer-the first and longest-serving president of the American
Federation of Labor (AFL); it is to him, as much as to anyone else, that the American
labor movement owes its structure and characteristic strategies. Under his leadership,
the AFL became the largest and most influential labor federation in the world
