Exam (elaborations)
AQA A Level Psychology Memory
AQA A Level Psychology Memory....Detailed work, solutions, memos, notes, and explanations
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AQA A LevelPsychology
Memory
, AQA A Level Psychology Memory
Study of capacity of STM - correct answer Miller (Immediate Digit Span Test)
Jacobs Support
Study of duration of STM - correct answer Peterson and Peterson (Trigrams)
24 students given a consonant syllable and a three digit number ie. THX 512.
They were asked to recall the consonant syllable after a retention interval of 3, 6 , 9, 12
or 15 seconds. During this interval they had to count backwards from their three digit
number. Participants were 90% correct after 3 seconds, 20% correct after 9 and only
2% correct after 18 seconds.
Suggesting it is less than 18 seconds.
Study of duration of LTM - correct answer Bahrick (Free recall, photo recognition and
name recognition tests)
400 people of various ages were tested on their memory of high school classmates.
They were given a free recall to recall as many class mates as they could. Then they
were given 50 photos, some with people from their school year book. Bahrick found that
recall after 15 years of graduation was 90% accurate from photos, and after 48 years
was 70%. With free recall it was about 60% accurate and 30%.
Showing that it is possibly an unlimited duration for LTM.
Study of encoding - correct answer Baddeley (Semantically and Acoustically
Similar/Dissimilar words)
Baddeley had lists of acoustically similar words such as: Cat, cab, can, map, mat, max
etc.
And also semantically similar words: Huge, big, large, titanic, massive etc.
He found that participants had difficulty remembering acoustically similar words in the
STM and in the LTM struggled with semantically similar words.
He concluded that STM is largely encoded acoustically whereas LTM is encoded
semantically.
Capacity of STM - correct answer 7+_ 2 units
Capacity of LTM - correct answer Potentially unlimited
Duration of STM - correct answer 30 seconds
Duration of LTM - correct answer potentially unlimited
Encoding in STM - correct answer Mainly acoustically
Encoding in LTM - correct answer Mainly semantically
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