Summary
Summary ULAW LPC, Dispute Resolution Chapter Readings
- Module
- Dispute Resolution (DR)
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- University Of Law (ULaw)
ULAW LPC, Dispute Resolution Chapter Readings
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DR – WS3 Statement of case TIFF LIAOCivil Litigation Book – Chapter 2.7 Interest
SPECIFIED AND UNSPECIFIED
CLAIMS
FOR MONEY
- The CPR 1998 provide NO DEFINITION of a claim for a specified or unspecified sum of money.
- The N1A Notes for a C on completing the claim form (see 5.3.1 and the copy at Appendix A(1)) refer to a
claim for a fixed amount of money as being a SPECIFIED amount .
On that basis, a specified claim is in the nature of a debt
(ie, a fixed amount of money due and payable under and by virtue of a contract - The amount
will be known already (from, say, an invoice), or it should be capable of being determined by
mere mathematics (from, say, a contractual formula).
Examples might include the price of goods sold, commission said to be due under express
contractual terms or consideration said to have failed totally.
- If the court will have to conduct an investigation to decide on the amount of money payable, the claim is
best seen as being for an UNSPECIFIED amount
even if the C puts some figures forward for the amount claimed.
For example, in a damages claim for breach of contract, the claimant might have had to
repair or replace goods. Whilst a figure can be given for the cost of that, it will be for the trial judge
to determine if it is reasonable.
Thus, damages claims should usually be regarded as unspecified.
WHAT IF A CLAIM IS A MIXTURE OF SPECIFIED AND UNSPECIFIED AMOUNTS?
- For example, the recovery of consideration paid that has failed totally (a specified amount), + damages for
breach of contract (unspecified amounts).
In these circumstances the entire claim is treated as an UNSPECIFIED claim.
ENTITLEMENT TO INTEREST
- Pre-action, a prospective claimant can demand interest on a claim ONLY IF entitled to it under any
contractual provision
- (including any provision implied by the Late Payments of Commercial Debts (Interest) Act 1998)
BREACH OF - In these cases, there are 3 ALTERNATIVE claims to interest:
CONTRACT INCL
DEBT CLAIMS (1) The contract itself may specify a rate of interest payable on any outstanding
sum. This will be the rate negotiated between the parties. The court will usually
apply this rate.
(2) It may be possible to claim interest under the Late Payment of Commercial
Debts (Interest) Act 1998 (see below).
(3) In all other cases, the court has a discretion to award interest either under:
s 35A of the Senior Courts Act 1981 (SCA 1981) in respect of HIGH Court
cases, OR
s 69 of the County Courts Act 1984 (CCA 1984) in respect of COUNTY
Court cases.
The current rate of interest payable under either statute is:
8% pa in NON-commercial cases and,
generally, 1% or 2% pa over base rate in commercial cases
- Since a debt claim is for a specified amount of money, interest must be claimed
1
TIFF LIAO
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