Essay
classical conditioning 8 mark essay
- Module
- Unit 4 - Learning theories
- Institution
- PEARSON (PEARSON)
a-level pearson edexcel psychology classical conditioning 8 marker
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classical conditioningunconditioned stimulus (UCS) - a stimulus/thing that automatically produces
a natural response
Neutral stimulus (NS) - a stimulus that initially provides no specific reaction
Unconditioned response (UCR) - a natural response to the UCS
Conditioned stimulus (CS) - an event that produces a learned response
Conditioned response (CR) - a learned reflex behaviour that is produced
when exposed to a conditioned stimulus.
The classical conditioning process (Pavlov examples)
1. There is a neutral stimulus (NS) which before conditioning has no effect on
behaviour (e.g bell/metronome ringing)
2. Then this NS always occurs with an unconditioned stimulus (UCS) (something
which always produces a natural response - e.g. Food).
3. This natural response that is created by the UCS is called the unconditioned
response (UCR) (e.g. salivation/ gets excited).
4. Once the NS (the tin opening) and the UCS (food) have been paired together
enough times, then the NS becomes a conditioned stimulus (CS) (eg:
something that now, alone, produces a response).
5. This response that is produced by the CS is called a conditioned response
(CR) (e.g. Salvation/ gets excited)
6. Now every time the cat hears the sound of a bell ring, it salivates.
classical conditioning 1
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