BSNC 2000 - Module 2 Questions with Complete Solutions
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Module
Bscn
Institution
Bscn
Factors affecting alveolar gas exchange Correct Answer-- composition of inspired air
- ventilation
- pulmonary perfusion
- alveolar-capillary diffusion
Alveolar-capillary diffusion Correct Answer-The movement of oxygen from the alveoli into the caparillies and the movement of CO2 from the c...
BSNC 2000 - Module 2 Questions with Complete Solutions
Factors affecting alveolar gas exchange Correct Answer-- composition of inspired air
- ventilation - pulmonary perfusion - alveolar-capillary diffusion
Alveolar-capillary diffusion Correct Answer-The movement of oxygen from the alveoli into the caparillies and the movement of
CO2 from the capillaries into the alveoli
Factors affecting alveolar-capillary diffusion Correct Answer-- surface area
- pressure gradient - diffusion distance
Ventilation Correct Answer-Movement of air in and out of the lungs
Factors affecting ventilation Correct Answer-- airway resistance - neuromuscular function - lung and chest compliance (how easily they can inflate)
Pulmonary perfusion Correct Answer-The movement of blood through the pulmonary vasculature
Factors affecting pulmonary perfusion Correct Answer-- blood vessel patency (state of being open or unobstructed)
- central perfusion
Factors affecting arterial oxygen content Correct Answer-- alveolar gas exchange - oxygen bound to Hb
Factors affecting cardiac output Correct Answer-- heart rate - stroke volume
Factors affecting oxygen supply Correct Answer-- arterial oxygen content - cardiac output
Affects oxygen demand Correct Answer-- metabolic demand Factors affecting metabolic demand Correct Answer-- temperature
- stress (perceived/physiologic)
- physical activity
Determinants of O2 supply affected by COPD Correct Answer--
increase airway resistance (ventilation)
- capillary destruction (pulmonary perfusion)
- decrease surface area (alveolar-capillary diffusion)
Combined effect on alveolar gas exchange: PaO2 and consequently Sa O2 are lowered, leading to reduced arterial oxygen content
Compensatory mechanisms for reduced arterial oxygen content (COPD) Correct Answer-- increase respiration rate and WOB (ventilation)
- increase RBC synthesis and Hct (oxygen bound to Hb)
- increase HR, contractility, and BP (cardiac output)
All increase oxygen supply - rest (physical activity)
Decrease oxygen demand
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