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AQA a level chemistry notes for mechanism A2
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3.3. 1 Optical Isomerismof chirality in
Define optical isomerism which result molecules
A
farmay stereoisomerism occurs as a
Chirality
For a molecule to be considered chiral, it
must:
1. Have no plane of symmetry
2. Have I
diggerent groups attached to its chiralcentre
"I as
4 moleculeisn't chiral
This
it has a plane
of symmetry
. This chiral
moleculeis
H
Enantioners Optical isomers which are new superimposableimages
of each other
-"grus
⑯
How can we
distinguish enantioners from eachother?
-
shine prone polarised lightthrough the sample
observe the direction of the rotation oflight
-
Whatis
a racemic mixture Amitture with equal amounty both
enantiomers
I forms of steroisomerism 1)Geometric Isemerism
2) Optical (semer
, 3.3.7 Optical Isomerism
Define optical isomerism agormoy stereoisomerism arising asa
result of chirality inmolecules
Enantiomers blow can we differentiate between enantiomers?
'
H i H You observe their effect enplane polarised light
' '
'
'
c
toy :[ on plane polarised light through
-
You shine
"
no a
-
Chs ! CH }
the sample
-
if the light is rotated clockwise itis
,
non -
superimposed images tired enantiomer
light is rotated anticlockwise itis
of eachother if the
-
,
thet enantiomer
dgeuehaueceinixtureoyegual amounts of enantiomers.it is
calledraracemicmixturecracemate .
Why are racemic mixtures Because thlggectgthe.mn
optically inactive ? oytightcancelsoutr
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