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EKG STUDY MATERIAL FOR ADVENTHEALTH 2024/2025 graded A+ by experts
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EKG STUDY MATERIAL FOR ADVENTHEALTH 2024/2025 graded A+ by experts
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EKG STUDY MATERIAL FORADVENTHEALTH
3 pacemakers of the heart - ANS1. SA node
2. AV node
3. bundle branch
intrinsic rate of SA node - ANS60-100 bpm
intrinsic rate of AV node - ANS40-60 bpm
intrinsic rate of bundle branches - ANS20-40 bpm
electrical pathway through the heart - ANS1. normal conduction impulse originates in the *SA
Node*
2. impulse travels to *AV Node* causing atrial depolarization (contraction)
3. AV Node slightly delays impulse then sends impulse to *Bundle of HIS*
4. then travels to *Bundle Branches*
5. impulse continues down to the *Purkinje Fibers* causing ventricular depolarization
(contraction)
P wave - ANSatrial depolarization (contraction)
PR interval - ANSdelay of AV node to allow filling of ventricles
QRS complex - ANSventricular depolarization (contraction)
ST interval - ANSventricular repolarization (resting phase)
QT interval - ANSventricular depolarization and repolarization
inversely related to the heart rate
normally less than half of the length of the R-R interval
T wave - ANSventricular repolarization (resting phase)
, isoelectric line - ANSThe baseline of the ECG / absence of electrical activity
positive deflection - ANSa wave that exists above the isoelectric line
negative deflection - ANSa wave that exists below the isoelectric line
absolute refractory period - ANScardiac cells will not respond to further stimulation
myocardial cells will not contract
electrical cells will not conduct
relative refractory period - ANSvulnerable period
cardiac cells can be stimulated to contract
notched P wave - ANS
peaked P wave - ANS
inverted P wave - ANS
depressed ST segment - ANSindicates myocardial ischemia
elevated ST segment - ANSacute myocardial infarction
tall T wave - ANShyperkalemia
inverted T wave - ANSmyocardial ischemia
hyperacute T wave - ANSSometimes the earliest presentation of MI
1 small box on EKG = - ANS0.04 seconds
1 big box on EKG = - ANS0.20 seconds
5 big boxes on EKG = - ANS1 second
30 big boxes on EKG = - ANS6 seconds
normal PRI measurement - ANSfrom the beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the first
deflection of the QRS complex
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