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Lecture notes Acute Care (SHN2004)

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Lecture notes of 11 pages for the course Acute Care at SWAN (Managing Risk)

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  • April 24, 2024
  • 11
  • 2021/2022
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SHN2004 (Acute Care) – Managing Risk


Managing Clinical Risk/Risk Assessment Tools

Objectives
 Understand what clinical risk assessment is and why/when is it carried out
 Define key terms related to risk assessment
 Discuss the steps if risk assessment
 Understand the concept of clinical risk management
 Identify types of patient safety incidents and consider some examples
 Discuss the risk assessment tools used in practice
 Explore governing bodies/legislations covering risk management in clinical areas

Clinical Risk Assessment
 The overall process of identifying risk and evaluating whether acceptable or not,
taking into account best practice and the appetite of the organisation. Risk appetite
is the amount of risk that an organisation is prepared to accept, tolerate or be
exposed to at any point in time
o This can vary depending on the organisation

Why are risk assessments carried out in nursing?
 To safeguard patients, staff, other individuals
 To inform nursing care
 To enable strategies to minimise risk
 To fulfil clinical governance requirements
o Clinical governance is the system through which NHS organisations are
accountable for continuously improving the quality of their services and
safeguarding high standard of care, by creating an environment in which
clinical excellence can flourish (Public Health England, 2021)
o Clinical governance
 Risk management
 Education/training
 Evidence based care
 Clinical audit
 Staff management

When is a Risk Assessment carried out?
 When a risk may be obvious
 To assess whether there is a risk
 To ensure a potential action is ‘safe’

Key Terms
 Hazards

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, SHN2004 (Acute Care) – Managing Risk


o Are situations with the potential to cause harm
 Risk
o Is the probability that a specific adverse event will occur in a specific period
or as a result of a specific situation
 Clinical Risk
o The chance of an adverse outcome resulting from clinical intervention,
treatment or patient care
o Clinical risk incidents include:
 Accidental
 An unfortunate incident that happens unexpectedly and
unintentional, typically resulting in damage or injury
 Non-clinical incident (e.g. security, environmental)
 Serious Untoward Incidents
 Actual serious injury or unexpected death resulting from an
incident involving an individual to whom the organisation has
a duty of care
 Never Events
 Immediately reportable to be National Patient Safety Agency
(NPSA)
 Examples include:
o Surgery to wrong site
o Retained instrument during operation
o Radiotherapy administered to wrong site
o Undetected misplaced nasogastric tube
 See National Patient Safety Agency, 2007

Steps of Risk Assessment
 Identify the hazards
o E.g. tables, lone working
 Decide who might be harmed and how
 Evaluate the risks and decide on precautions
 Record your findings and implement them
 Review your assessment and update if necessary

Risk Factor/Risk Rating
 Attributes a score to each identified risk
 Allows greatest risk to be identified
 Enables prioritisation of remedial action
 Risk factor = consequence (severity) x likelihood




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