Friday 16 June 2023 Morning Time allowed: 2 hours
Materials
For this paper you must have:
a ruler with millimetre measurements
a scientific calculator.
Instructions
Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page.
Answer all questions.
You must answer the questions in the spaces provided. Do
not write outside the box around each page or on blank
pages.
If you need extra space for your answer(s), use the lined pages at
the end of this book. Write the question number against your
answer(s).
Show all your working.
Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do
not want to be marked.
pg. 2
, 2
Do not write
outside the
Answer all questions in the spaces box
provided.
0 1 .1 A student used chromatography to separate the different photosynthetic
pigments in a chlorophyll solution. She had the following materials.
Chromatography
paper A ruler and
pencil Suitable
glassware
A solvent (solvent A)
2 cm3 of the chlorophyll solution
Describe how she could use these materials to separate the
photosynthetic pigments by chromatography.
[4 marks]
0 1 .2 Using solvent A, the student separated five pigments. She then repeated
her method using a different solvent, B. Using solvent B, she separated
six pigments.
Explain the difference between these results.
[2 marks]
6
*02
IB/M/
* Jun23/7402/2
, 3
Do not write
outside the
0 2 .1 Glutamate is a neurotransmitter involved in the transmission of nerve box
impulses from pain receptors to the brain. Ziconotide is a drug that can
reduce severe, constant pain. Ziconotide blocks the calcium ion channels
at some of the synapses which use glutamate.
The transmission of glutamate at synapses is similar to that of
acetylcholine.
Explain how ziconotide reduces severe, constant pain.
[5 marks]
Ziconotide is a polypeptide and acts on synapses in the spinal cord.
Scientists investigated the effectiveness of ziconotide in reducing
severe, constant pain.
Ziconotide was injected into each patient’s cerebrospinal fluid that
bathes the brain and spinal cord. Patients recorded the intensity of their
pain using a statistically valid scale.
0 2
.2 Suggest two reasons why the patients had ziconotide injected into their
cerebrospinal fluid rather than taking a pill containing the drug.
[2 marks]
1
2
Question 2 continues on the next page
Turn over ►
*03
IB/M/
* Jun23/7402/2
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller diasmarkm. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £12.15. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.