Summary chart - designed to show the criteria for an EU Decision to have direct effect on a member state.
Designed for use during exams - to access key information quickly.
Also available in Direct Effect and EU bundles.
Must satisfy
Van Gend en Loos
DIFFERENCE:
Criteria
'can only be relied upon
against the party to whom it was
addressed.'
Sufficeintly Clear &
precise (Carp Snc di. L. Moleri e v. Corsi v Ecorad
SrL (Case C-80/06) ECLI:EU:C:2007: 200
Franz Grad
Unconditional
Franz Grad Decision made by
commision agaisnt
member state can only
have direct effect on
national court against
that member state.
Likewise for company.
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