NES Elementary Education Subtest 1 Questions with
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the tools of communication children use to form their understanding of the word ✔✔reading, writing, listening, and speaking
Competency 1 ✔✔demonstrate an understanding of the foundations of language development, oral language skills, listening comprehension skills, and phonological and phonemic awareness.
Informal conversations ✔✔Time to talk about things that interest and excite children.
Language play ✔✔Exploring rhythms, sounds, and tones that young children delight in as they work and play.
Rhymes and song ✔✔Experiences rich in rhythm and rhyme encourage children to play with words.
Stories ✔✔Children discover new words and meanings as they listen to good stories — either told or read aloud. Group talk ✔✔Times during the day when conventions of shared conversations are learned and practiced.
Because this entire period between birth and the early elementary school years helps prepare children with the skills important for conventional literacy, we refer to this critical stage of
language development as _____ _____. ✔✔Emergent Literacy
The key is to make reading and writing _____ to the everyday life of the classroom and to make
literacy activities _____ to each child. ✔✔fundamental, relevant
_____ and _____ to what the children have to say and they will learn to do the same. ✔✔listen,
respond
LEA ✔✔Language Experience Approach
Dictated Stories ✔✔LEA alliteration ✔✔use of the same consonant at the beginning of each stressed syllable in a line of verse
language delay ✔✔There are many factors that cause language delay, both environmental and physical. Common conditions include inadequate language stimulation (neither talking to
nor playing with the child); delayed general development; parents/guardians or siblings who often talk for the child; medical and physical problems; family history of language delay; learning disabilities; and autism spectrum disorders (ASD).
ASD ✔✔Autism Spectrum Disorders
Listening can be described as part of an active communication process that involves _____,
_____, and _____ to verbal input. ✔✔receiving, interpreting, responding
The three steps in the listening process are _____, _____, and _____ meaning. ✔✔receiving,
attending, assigning meaning
Students can be given opportunities to develop and practice listening skills during three phases of
the listening process: _____, _____ and _____ . ✔✔pre-listening, during listening, after listening discriminative listening ✔✔distinguishing beginning consonant sounds, for example
aesthetic listening ✔✔for enjoyment
critical listening ✔✔to evaluate a message
efferent listening ✔✔to understand a message
phonological ✔✔the study of the sound system of a given language and the analysis and classification of its phonemes
phoneme ✔✔(linguistics) one of a small set of speech sounds that are distinguished by the speakers of a particular language
Phonological awareness ✔✔an understanding that words are composed of sound units and that sound units can be combined to form words.
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