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ONS Chemotherapy Course Questions and answers complete solution
ONS Chemotherapy Course Questions and answers complete solution
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ONS Chemotherapy Course Questionsand answers complete solution
pluripotent stem cells - ANSWER-Stem cells that can become almost all types of
tissues and cells in the body. (Except Embryonic)
myeloid stem cells - ANSWER-Mature into RBCs, Platelets, and WBCs
lymphoid stem cells - ANSWER-Mature into specialized WBCs called
Lymphocytes
what are the types of WBCs? - ANSWER-Granulocytes and Agranulocytes
Granuolcytes - ANSWER-basophils, Eosinophils, neutrophils
"BEN is GRAN"
Agranulocytes - ANSWER-T lymphocytes, B Lymphocytes, and Monocytes
Innate Immunity - ANSWER-First line of defense. Nonspecific response to
non-self entity.
Examples: skin, mucus membrane, flora of the skin
Humoral Immunity - ANSWER-Specific immunity produced by B Lymphocytes
and Memory B cells that produce antibodies that circulate in body fluids.
B Cells will start dividing when it comes in contact with its antigen and will begin
secreting antibodies
The pathogen will be phagocytosed by presenting cells and presented to T cells
to begin cell mediated immunity.
, After the threat some of the plasma cells will become memory cells and will go to
the bone marrow where they will continue to secrete antibodies for years.
Cell Mediated Immunity - ANSWER-Type of immunity produced by T cells that
attack infected or abnormal body cells.
Can only be activated when fragments of an antigen are put on the surface of an
antigen-presenting cell
Proto-Oncogenes - ANSWER-regulate normal cell growth and division.
Mutated becomes Oncogene
Tumor Suppressor Genes and example - ANSWER-slow or stop cell growth and
division
P53- suicide gene, activated apoptosis when cell is damaged beyond repair.
Often mutated in cancer cells
What are the three goals of cancer treatment? - ANSWER-Cure (prolonged
absence of disease)
Control (no further growth)
Palliation (shrink tumor that is causing obstruction or other symptoms)
neoadjuvant therapy - ANSWER-a cancer treatment that is given as the first step
to shrink tumor before main treatment
adjuvant therapy - ANSWER-used after the primary treatments have been
completed to decrease the chance that a cancer will recur
induction therapy - ANSWER-The phase of treatment which is designed to obtain
a remission of the cancer. Used to prepare for stem cell transplant
myeloablation therapy vs nonmyeloablation - ANSWER-Obliteration of bone
marrow with chemo typically administered in high doses. Destroys immune
system to prepare for transplant
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