Test Bank- Pediatric Physical Examination: An Illustrated Handbook 4th Edition (Karen G. Duderstadt, 2025) Latest Edition|| All Chapters
Test Bank- Pediatric Physical Examination: An Illustrated Handbook 4th Edition (Karen G. Duderstadt, 2025) Latest Edition|| All Chapters
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Pediatric Physical Examination: An Illustrated Handbook
by Karen G. Duderstadt, and Victoria F. Keeton
4th Edition
,TABLE OF CONTENT
UNIT I Pediatric General Assessment
Chapter 1 Approach to Care and Assessment of Children and Adolescents
Chapter 2 Assessment of Growth and Vital Signs
Chapter 3 Developmental, Emotional, and Behavioral Surveillance and Screening
Chapter 4 Comprehensive Information Gathering
Chapter 5 Environmental Health History
Chapter 6 Newborn Assessment
UNIT II System-Specific Assessment
Chapter 7 Skin Assessment
Chapter 8 Heart and Vascular Assessment
Chapter 9 Chest and Respiratory Assessment
Chapter 10 Eyes
Chapter 11 Ears
Chapter 12 Nose, Mouth, and Throat
Chapter 13 Neck and Lymphatic System Assessment
Chapter 14 Abdomen and Rectum
Chapter 15 Penis, Testicles, and Scrotum
Chapter 16 Breast
Chapter 17 Vulva, Vagina, and Internal Pelvic Assessment
Chapter 18 Musculoskeletal Assessment
Chapter 19 Head and Neurological System
Chapter 1: Approach to Care and Assessment of Children and Adolescents
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A nurse is reviewing developmental concepts for infants and children. Which statement best
describes development in infants and children?
a. Development, a predictable and orderly process, occurs at varying rates within
normal limits.
b. Development is primarily related to the growth in the number and size of cells.
c. Development occurs in a proximodistal direction with fine muscle development
occurring first.
d. Development is more easily and accurately measured than growth.
ANSWER:A
Development, a continuous orderly process, provides the basis for increases in the childs
function and complexity of behavior. The increases in rate of function and complexity can vary
normally within limits for each child. An increase in the number and size of cells is a definition
for growth. Development proceeds in a proximodistal direction with fine muscle organization
occurring as a result of large muscle organization. Development is a more complex process that
is affected by many factors; therefore, it is less easily and accurately measured. Growth is a
predictable process with standard measurement methods.
2. Frequent developmental assessments are important for which reason?
a. Stable developmental periods during infancy provide an opportunity to identify
any delays or deficits.
b. Infants need stimulation specific to the stage of development.
c. Critical periods of development occur during childhood.
d. Child development is unpredictable and needs monitoring.
, ANSWER:C
Critical periods are blocks of time during which children are ready to master specific
developmental tasks. Children can master these tasks more easily during particular periods of
time in their growth and developmental process. Infancy is a dynamic time of development that
requires frequent evaluations to assess appropriate developmental progress. Infants in a nurturing
environment will develop appropriately and will not necessarily need stimulation specific to their
developmental stage. Normal growth and development are orderly and proceed in a predictable
pattern on the basis of each individuals abilities and potentials.
3. Which factor has the greatest influence on child growth and development?
a. Culture
b. Environment
c. Genetics
d. Nutrition
ANSWER:C
Genetic factors (heredity) determine each individuals growth and developmental rate. Although
factors such as environment, culture, nutrition, and family can influence genetic traits, they do
not eliminate the effect of the genetic endowment, which is permanent. Culture is a significant
factor that influences how children grow toward adulthood. Culture influences both growth and
development but does not eliminate inborn genetic influences. Environment has a significant role
in determining growth and development both before and after birth. The environment can
influence how and to which extent genetic traits are manifested, but environmental factors cannot
eliminate the effect of genetics. Nutrition is critical for growth and plays a significant role
throughout childhood.
4. A nurse is planning a teaching session with a child. According to Piagetian theory, the period
of cognitive development in which the child is able to distinguish fact from fantasy is the
period of cognitive development.
a. sensorimotor
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