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NURSING 406 Test bank for Exam I patho:pharm Q & As BEST TESTBANK EXAM SOLUTION £8.60
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NURSING 406 Test bank for Exam I patho:pharm Q & As BEST TESTBANK EXAM SOLUTION

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routes of administration - ANS oral disintegration, suspension solutions, powders, capsules, tablets, coated tablets, enteric coated tablets pharmaceutics - ANS the science of preparing and dispensing drugs pharmacokinetics - ANS drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion ...

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  • May 28, 2024
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NURSING 406 Test bank for
Exam I patho:pharm Q & As
BEST TESTBANK EXAM
SOLUTION
routes of administration - ANS oral disintegration, suspension solutions,
powders, capsules, tablets, coated tablets, enteric coated tablets

pharmaceutics - ANS the science of preparing and dispensing drugs

pharmacokinetics - ANS drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and
excretion (ADME); study of what happens to a drug from the time it is put in
the body until the drug has left the body

pharmacodynamics - ANS biochemical and physiological effect of drugs on
the body

enteral route - ANS oral, sublingual, buccal, and rectal

parenteral route - ANS IV (fastest, IM, subq, intradermal, intraarterial,
intrathecal, and intraarticular

fluid and electrolytes percentages - ANS Water: 60%
ICF fluid: 20%
Interstitial fluid: 15%
Intravascular fluid: 5%

,Renin Angiotensin-aldosterone system RAAS - ANS Renin converts
angiotensinogen to angiotensin I in the liver
ACE is made in the lung and turns angiotensin I to angiotensin II
ACE inhibitors stop production of ACE to lower BP
Vasoconstriction occurs and stimulates release of aldosterone to increase
BP, increase fluid in blood vessels, a nd cause hypertension

aldosterone function - ANS retains sodium and water

ADH system function - ANS released when there is an increase in plasma
osmolality or decrease in circulating blood volume

hypotonic solution (hyponatremia) - ANS serum sodium level is less than
135 mEq/L which causes plasma hypo osmolality and cellular swelling

Isotonic solution - ANS volume depletion (hypovolemia), volume excess
(hypervolemia); the concentration stays the same, the difference is the
amount of salt

hypertonic solution - ANS serum sodium level is about 145 mEq/L related to
sodium gain or weight loss

hyponatremia - ANS less than 135 mEq/L; loss of sodium caused by
diuretics, excessive perspiration

symptoms of hyponatremia - ANS lethargy, stomach cramps, hypotension,
vomiting, diarrhea, and seizures

, treatment of hyponatremia - ANS oral rehydration solutions (gatorade,
pedialyte), salt tablets

hypernatremia - ANS more than 145 mEq/L; high sodium levels caused by
being thirsty, hot temperatures, kidney problems, and low water intake

hypernatremia symptoms - ANS red, flushed skin, increased thirst, elevated
temperature

treatment of hypernatremia - ANS water , salt free drinks

hypokalemia - ANS less than 3.5 mEq/L; loss of potassium from diarrhea

hypokalemia manifestations - ANS T wave becomes shorter and flatter,
skeletal muscle weakness, cardiac dysrhythmias

treatment of hypokalemia - ANS replace potassium orally or IV

hyperkalemia - ANS more than 5.5 mEq/L; increase of potassium caused by
increased intake, hypoxia, acidosis, insulin deficiency, etc.

hyperkalemia manifestations - ANS peaked T wave, tingling of lips and
fingers, restlessness, intestinal cramping and diarrhea

treatment of hyperkalemia - ANS insulin or glucose, give laxative to lower
the K+ levels (kayexalate)

Normal sodium levels - ANS 135-145 mEq/L

Normal potassium levels - ANS 3.5-5.5 mEq/L

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