Bullet-point essay plans for the 10 and 20 mark questions on the Russia paper, including those from the specification, 2017 and 2018 papers and extra 10 mark questions. Got an A in A-Level history.
Which of the following was of greater importance in the Bolshevik victory in the Civil War?
White weakness
Foreign intervention
White weakness
– made up of different groups who fought as separate detachments
- only united by their desire to defeat the Bolsheviks
- scattered geographically
- lacked good military commanders, unlike the Bolsheviks who had Trotsky
Foreign intervention
- foreign supplies were limited
- was solely to keep Russia in the war, which most did not want
- allowed the Bolsheviks to appear as national saviours
Judgement – white weakness was of greater importance to the Bolshevik victory in the civil war
Which of the following was a greater threat to Nicholas II in the period 1894-1905?
Political opposition
Economic opposition
Political opposition
- growth in opposition in this period
- growth in revolutionary groups committed to revolution and overthrowing the Tsar instead
of reform
- most Russians still saw the Tsar as the little father
- opposition was divided both within and between groups
Economic opposition
- created political opposition and unrest
- economic problems caused by rapid industrialisation caused social problems in the large
cities
- agricultural problems were not solved and there was peasant upheaval over redemption
payments
Judgement – economic opposition was a greater threat to Nicholas II in the period 1894-1905
Which of the following was of greater importance in the introduction of the NEP?
The Kronstadt Rising
Famine in the countryside
The Kronstadt Rising
- it represented a serious threat to the survival of the regime
- it was led by two prominent Bolsheviks against War Communism
- Lenin saw it as a serious threat and needed to introduce economic reform to appease the
workers
- ultimately, it was crushed and so there was no need to change course
Famine in the countryside
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