Exam (elaborations)
NUR 321 - Final exam flashcards
- Institution
- 4.ED FORMS - Verbs Or Modifiers.
NUR 321 - Final exam flashcards
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
NUR 321 - Final exam flashcardsAcute dystonia = - ANS-muscles spasms of the face, tongue, neck & back
facial grimacing, involuntary upward eye movements, laryngeal spasms (think:
AIRWAY!)
Akathisia = - ANS-constant motion (pacing), restlessness, trouble standing still, rocking
back and forth
Antidiarrheals - ANS-• Purpose: to DECREASE GI HYPERmotility
• are used AFTER nonpharmacologic interventions have been tried
• Caution: Antidiarrheals should not be used for more than 2 days or if fever is present
(bc if fever is present out body is fighting off an infection & diarrhea is a way for our
body to get that bacteria/virus OUT!!)
Antiulcer Meds lecture - ANS-
bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) - ANS-Drug class: Antidiarrheals, Subclass -
Adsorbents (prototype)
• MOA: coats GI tract (the lining of the stomach & intestine) to prevent absorption of
bacteria or toxins. Kills some bacteria bc it coats everything.
• Uses: for tx diarrhea, heatburn, gas
• SE: darkening of the tongue & stools (black, tarry stools)
• Interactions: tetracycline antibxs, chloroquine, anticoags (may inc. bleeding), NSAIDs,
other salicylates (can overdose), valproic acid, corticosteroids
• Caution with: gout & PKU (bc Pepto-Bismol may contain aspartame)
• bismuth subsalicylate contains BISMUTH SALTS and SALICYLATES
• bismuth salts - are mined from the ground (concentrations of these salts may differ
slightly), contains very scant amt of lead
• salicylates - follow precautions to prevent overdose & Reye's syndrome -- can
overdose by taking ASA & Pepto-Bismol at same time bc ASA contains salicylates & so
,does Pepto-Bismol (Abt Reyes Syndrome copy & pasted from google: Reye syndrome
is a rare but serious illness that can affect the brain and liver. It's most common in kids
who are recovering from a viral infection. It's still not well understood, but studies have
linked it to the use of aspirin (salicylates) or aspirin products during illnesses caused by
viruses.)
Caffeine - ANS-Drug Class: Analeptics (& is also a Xanthine)
Use: stimulates respiration in newborns (theophylline opens up the airways in COPD pts
as well)
• SE
-restlessness, tremors, twitching
- palpitations, insomnia
- tinnitus, nausea, diarrhea, diuresis (think caffeine is a diuretic)
- psychologic dependence
calcium carbonate (Tums) - ANS-Drug class: Antiulcer drugs, Antacids (subclass -
prototype for the SYSTEMICALLY absorbed antacids)
• MOA: neutralizes gastric acid (HCl), reduces pepsin activity (some may also take it as
a calcium supplement)
• SE: acid rebound, hypercalcemia, constipation
**more SE with the systemically absorbed antacids (as opposed to the nonsystemically
absorbed antacids)
Causes of Diarrhea: - ANS-• spicy or spoiled foods
• Bacteria (Escherichia col), virus, toxins
• Drug reactions
• fecal impaction, laxative abuse
• Malabsorption disorders, bowel tumor, IBD
• Stress, anxiety
CNS depressants lecture - ANS-
CNS Simulants lecture - ANS-
CTZ stimulants include: - ANS-- dopamine
, - acetylcholine
- histamine
- serotonin
** the way to control vomiting is to DECREASE the levels of all of these
neurotransmitters
Diarrhea & Antidiarrheals lecture - ANS-
diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - ANS-Drug class: Antihistamines
• used to prevent N, V, and dizziness caused by motion (a.k.a. used to tx motion
sickness)
• NOT effective w/severe vomiting
• needs to be taken BEFORE the vomiting starts in order to work!!!
• SE: drowsiness, dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, hypotension (similar to
anticholinergics); same SE as hydroxyzine...both are prototypes for the antihistamines.
diphenoxylate-atropine - ANS-Drug class: Antidiarrheals, Subclass - Opiates and
opiate-related agents (prototype)
• frequently combined w/other agents (e.g. diphenoxylate is combined w/
atropine=Lomotil (an anticholinergic drug - to dry up the secretion...make the stool less
runny & more formed)
• MOA: decreases GI motility (slows things down)
• Dosed: po up to 4x/day
• SE: drowsiness, CONSTIPATION(so make sure to stay hydrated!), dry mouth,
weakness, rash, blurred vision, urinary retention, respiratory depression (think SE of all
opioids)
• Drug interactions: CNS depression w/alcohol & sedatives (do not take these things
while taking diphenoxylate)
• Contraindications: hepatic disease, renal disease, glaucoma
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller modockochieng06. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £6.46. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
80364 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now