Exam (elaborations)
NURS 330 Chapter 5 Perioperative Nursing.
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- CI_HUMINT Pre-Board Study Guide.
NURS 330 Chapter 5 Perioperative Nursing.
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NURS 330 Chapter 5 PerioperativeNursing
Surgical nursing is usually divided into - correct answer-Pre-op: assessment "you need
surgery"
Intraoperative/perioperative: during surgery
Post-op: PACU until discharge
Ambulatory surgery centers (ASC) - correct answer-provide outpatient surgical services not
requiring an overnight stay, independent diagnostic and testing facilities, and health
providers' offices
Types of surgical procedures - correct answer-Diagnostic- biopsy, ex. lap.
Curative- excision of a tumor or inflamed appendix
Reparative- multiple wound repair
Reconstructive or cosmetic- mammoplasty or a facelift
Palliative- relieve pain or correct a problem i.e. gastrostomy tube for feeding
Categories of surgery based on urgency (1-5) - correct answer-1. Emergent
2. Urgent
3. Required
4. Elective
5. Optional
Emergent surgery - correct answer-Patient requires immediate attention; disorder may be
life-threatening.
Require surgery immediately.
Ex: GSW, accident, severe bleeding, extensive burns, fractured skull, intestinal or bladder
obstruction
Urgent surgery - correct answer-Patient requires prompt attention within 24-36 hours.
Ex: gallbladder, kidney stones
Required surgery - correct answer-Patient needs to have surgery w/in a few weeks or
months.
Ex: thyroid disorders, cataracts
Elective surgery - correct answer-Patient should have surgery; failure to have surgery is not
catastrophic.
Ex: repair of scars, simple hernia, vaginal repair
Optional surgery - correct answer-Decision rests with patient's personal preference.
Ex: cosmetic surgery
, Elderly patients now account for 1/2 of all hospital care days in the US. T/F - correct
answer-true
Surgical nursing considerations for elderly patients - correct answer-1. Disease course vs.
life expectancy
2. State of independence
3. Personal motivation
4. Surgical risk factors vs. nonoperative management
Elderly pts have less physiologic reserve than young pts. T/F - correct answer-True;
physiologic reserve= ability of an organ to return to normal after a disturbance in equilibrium
Like age, obesity increases risk and severity of complications associated with surgery. T/F -
correct answer-True; during surgeries, fatty tissues are susceptible to infection, and
dehiscence and wound infections are more common.
Obese patients have high risk of - correct answer-Hypoventilation and post-op pulmonary
complications
Special considerations for patients with disabilities: - correct answer--Need for appropriate
assistive devices (glasses, hearing aids, braces, etc.)
-Modifications in pre-op teaching (bc may cause decreased effectiveness in teaching)
-Additional assistance w/ & attention to positioning or transferring
Patients with respiratory problems r/t a disability (MS, muscular dystrophy, GB) may
experience pulmonary difficulties if the anesthesiologist/anesthetist is unaware. - correct
answer-True
Nursing activities to complete during preoperative phase - correct answer-Establish a
baseline evaluation of pt before surgery by carrying out a preop interview (physical and
emotional assessment, previous anesthetic and medical hx, and identification of allergies or
genetics issues that may affect surgical outcome, ensuring tests have been/will be
performed during preadmission testing (PAT), arranging appropriate consultations, and
providing education about recovery from anesthesia and postop care.
Informed consent - correct answer-Voluntary and written from pt, necessary before any
nonemergent surgery.
Informed consent consists of - correct answer--Physician documents pt's capacity to make a
medical decision
-Surgeon tells details of dx and tx options for pt to make informed choice
-Pt demonstrates understanding of disclosed info
-Pt freely authorizes specific tx plan w/o undue influence
Preop Health Assessment by nurse focuses on prevention of complications. This
assessment must include: - correct answer-*1. Nutritional and fluid status:* dentures?
Hygiene? Trouble swallowing? Labs? Hydrate them prior to surgery.
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