Exam (elaborations)
NURS - 208 Final Exam
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- TAMU Business 101 Semester Final Exam
NURS - 208 Final Exam
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NURS - 208 Final Exam- ANS-
4 components of cycle of oppression * - ANS-1. stereotyping: exaggerated,
oversimplified, fixed images held by persons, groups, political / economic decision
makers
- Ex: homelessness, biased or lacking info, develop stereotypes that "all homeless
people are crazy"
2. Prejudice: a whole way of thinking based on stereotypes
- Ex: homeless people are a drain on the system, they don't want employment
3. Discrimination: actions or inactions based on prejudice
- Ex: if a homeless person came in the ER with pain, could be viewed as drug seeking,
then not getting a proper assessment
4. Oppression: discrimination is backed up by institutional power
- Ex: lack of affordable housing
5 main health promotion strategies from ottawa charter * - ANS-1. Build healthy public
policy - aim is to make healthier choices by asopting healthy public policy (i.e. ban cell
phones while driving)
2. Create supporting environments - providing environments in all settings that are safe,
satisfying, stimulating and enjoyable (flexible workplace policies, quality childcare
programs)
3. Strengthen community action - empowerment (process of enabling people to
increase control over decision making) and community development. Focus on
strengths
4. Develop Personal Skills - education, support and resources to enable individuals to
make healthy lifestyle choices (parenting classes, early childhood intervention)
5. Reorient health services - shift to community-based care, family-focused, health
promotion
6 Benchmarks of Social Marketing - ANS-1. voluntary behaviour change with
measurable objectives
2. consumer research
3. segmentation and targeting
4. 4 P's
5. exchange
6. competition
, Age specific mortality rate - ANS-- specific rates for distinct subgroups within a defined
population
# of deaths from all causes in 1 year in children younger than 10 yrs / # of children in
the population younger than 10 yrs at midyear x 100,000
Analytical epidemiology - ANS-- analyzing the patterns of the health concern
- why are some, more susceptible than others?
- Looks at etiology (cause of disease) and associated determinants (how)
- E.g. why is there an increase in cases of TBI?
Association vs Causation - ANS-- Association: reasonable evidence that a connection
exists between a stressor or environmental factor and a disease of health challenge
- Causation: an association that has been confirmed and there is a definite, statistical,
casue-and-effect relationship between a particular stimulus and occurrence of a disease
Case fatality rate - ANS-- measure of the severity of disease
- proportion of known cases who died of disease in question
Ex: outbreak of 20 cases, 3 people died. case fatality rate = 3/20 x 100% = 15%
Clinical stage of natural history of disease - ANS-- onset of S&S of the disease
- ideally, diagnosis is made as soon as symptoms start appearing
- can range from, mild, moderate, to severe
- tertiary prevention
Community as Partner * - ANS-- doing with not for
- assets and strengths based
- develops community capacity that is supportive and meaningful
- blend professional and community knowledge for planning, implementing
Community Assessment - ANS-- a systematic, on-going process of data gathering
- identify strengths and assets as well as challenges (social determinants of health)
Types:
- windshield survey/environmental scan (scan of overall environment)
- needs assessment (gap between current situation and desired situation)
- problem investigation (e. coli, increased rate of suicide)
- resource evaluation (assessment and evaluation of existing community resources and
services)
Community divisions - ANS-- People (community residents): SES, gender, age,
occupation, education level, culture, religion
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