Exam (elaborations)
NUR 330 - Fluid and Electrolytes
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- NUR 330: Exam 1- SI Practice Questio
NUR 330 - Fluid and Electrolytes
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NUR 330 - Fluid and ElectrolytesWater accounts for _____ of body weight in the adult - correct answer-50%-60%
(45%-50% in older adults)
2/3 of body water is located in the: - correct answer-ICF
____ are substances whose molecules dissociate, or split, into ions when placed in water -
correct answer-Electrolytes
Main cation in ECF - correct answer-Sodium
Main anion in ECF - correct answer-Chloride
Main cation in ICF - correct answer-Potassium
Main anion in ICF - correct answer-Phosphate
Normal interval for Bicarbonate - correct answer-22-26 mEq/L
Normal interval for Chloride - correct answer-96-106 mEq/L
Normal interval for Phosphate/Phosphorous (Terms used interchangeably) - correct
answer-2.4-4.4 mg/dL
Normal interval for Potassium - correct answer-3.5-5.0
Normal interval for Magnesium - correct answer-1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Normal interval for Sodium - correct answer-135-145 mEq/L
Normal interval for Calcium (total) - correct answer-8.6-10.2 mg/dL
Normal interval for plasma osmolality - correct answer-280-295 mOsm/kg
Too little solute for the amount of water/too much water for the amount of solute - correct
answer-Water excess
Concentration of solute is too great/water content is too little - correct answer-Water deficit
Abnormal accumulation of interstitial fluid
Ex. edema - correct answer-Second spacing
Excess fluid collects in nonfunctional area between cells
Ex. ascites - correct answer-Third spacing
, Daily water intake should be: - correct answer-2000-3000 mL
Invisible vaporization from the lungs and skin - correct answer-Insensible water loss
Normal pH range - correct answer-7.35-7.45
Normal PaCO2 levels - correct answer-35-45
Decreased pH level is: - correct answer-Acidotic
Increased pH level is: - correct answer-Alkilotic
Decreased CO2 level is: - correct answer-Alkilotic
Increased CO2 level is: - correct answer-Acidotic
Decreased HCO3 level is: - correct answer-Acidotic
Increased HCO3 level is: - correct answer-Alkilotic
What kind of patients have fluid/electrolyte imbalances? - correct answer--pre/post op
patients
-trauma
-heart failure
What does sodium do? - correct answer--generation and transmission of nerve impulses
-acid/base imbalances
Patients with hypervolemia: - correct answer--renal patients
-heart failure patients
How do we treat hypervolemic patients? - correct answer--fluid restrictions
-diuretics
Most commonly used diuretic is ________:
side effects include: - correct answer-Lasix (furosemide)
-dehydration, hypotension, remove potassium
Lasix is most commonly given for: - correct answer-heart failure/hypertension
What causes hypernatremia? - correct answer-Water loss/sodium gain
-dehydrated cells
S/S of hypernatremia: - correct answer--thirst/quench
-lethargic
-agitation
-change in LOC
-seizures
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