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Anthropology 205 Lynch Exam 2 Review
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Anthropology 205 Lynch Exam 2 Review
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Anthropology 205 Lynch Exam 2 Review- ANS-Common Biological Ancestry, Biological Constraints.
"Blank Slate" or "Empty Cup" Theory > Ruth Benedict > Myth > Behavioral Universal -
ANS-Humans are like an empty cup or blank slate at birth and anything is possible.
"Naturally Aggressive" - ANS-not a human universal
We love aggressive movies the best, business world
"Our system"- "Eskimo system" - ANS-one word for cousin, uncle, aunt. Very
ambiguous terms, don't tell you gender or what side of the family they are one
"Slavery" Orixas - ANS-African deities disguised as catholic saints
In Brazil the slaves would appear to be worshiping catholic saints but they were really
worshiping their African gods.
(Aigre Puesto) Placed air - ANS-air that is sent into the body deliberately by enemy
(create voodoo doll and stick pins into it which places bad air into body of enemy)-
expensive , have to have medical treatment to fix it
4 Primary Attributes of Language:
Language is based on symbols - ANS-Language is based on symbols
4 Primary Attributes of Language:
Multiplicity of patterning - ANS-Multiplicity of patterning
A man is considered wealthy when he has a lot of what? - ANS-• Yams are tied into the
worth of a man
• A man's brother in law will build them a "Yam house"; but must first produce a son
(heir for his wife's brother); has to be good at yam production
• Yams can be stored for about 6 months
Affinal - ANS-by marriage ie. Brother in law, mother in law ect...
,African Traditions - ANS-polytheistic, nature-based, spirit possession.
Spiritism and the Rise of Umbanda.
AIDS - ANS-Identified with SovaSova. Having sex with someone too closely related to
you.
Aigre/aire: - ANS-• Bad air is main cause of illness, super natural cause of illness,
mysterious, malevolent (matches their world view- invisible but in everything,
inescapable)
• Natural air- normal sickness that comes from God
• (Aigre Puesto) Placed air- air that is sent into the body deliberately by enemy (create
voodoo doll and stick pins into it which places bad air into body of enemy)- expensive ,
have to have medical treatment to fix it
• Air of the hour- inflicted by fire wives- protect town but also punish towns people
Air of the hour - ANS-inflicted by fire wives- protect town but also punish towns people
Angelinhos - ANS-found in favelas in Brazil, children weren't supposed to be on Earth,
were believed to be angels and used this to excuse for their deaths
Animism - ANS-belief that everything (environment) is alive. If you take something you
must give something back
Animitism - ANS-Single abstract force that humans can tap into through ritual activity.
Can give humans power. Search for medicine?
Avongara - ANS-nobilty
Avunculocal residence - ANS-Pater & Genitor are different, eg. Crow Indians. Pater-not
genetic father, genitor-genetic father. After 4-6 years kid moves away to live with
mothers brother
Azande Indians - ANS-"the people that possess much land" (Located in sub-Saharan
Africa (southern Sudan Africa & in the DR Congo too)
Aztec Mexica - ANS-• Huge tribute system also brought in food
• "State-level society", extreme occupation specialization, all professions had leads
political power
• Monogamy for commoners, polygamy for nobles; very strict dress code
, • The circumstance under which someone died had to do a lot with their afterlife
possibility
• Very strict laws for conduct; adultery could lead to being put into slavery
• Cortez had only approximately 300 people; and they certainly had superior warfare
technology
• Aztec did try to capture their enemies for sacrifice instead of killing them right away; "it
is easier to destroy your enemy when they are trying to capture you and you are trying
to kill them"
• Cortez used their enemies against them, very brilliantly; he learned of the poor political
situations before he made his way over to Tenochtitlan
• Already a civil war in Texcoco; faction wanted to take Montezuma out of power
• 12-15 million people
• Within one year of Euro contact pop. Shrank to 1 million, mostly because of smallpox.
• Maze was the staple crop, but grew many other things. Domesticated turkeys
• Nobles could have multiple wives but not commoners
• Strict codes of law; publicly drunk, dress codes...
• No one was born a slave, but captured people were put into slavery and used as
punishment
Baseball magic - ANS-George Gmelch. Pro ball player and anthologist too. Sports
rituals and superstitions. Counted ritual activities. On the field batting and pitching had a
lot of ritualistic things. Most uncertain and risky parts of the game
o Dr. Fritz and psychotherapy
o Sports fan cheering in games. Thinking they can affect the outcome of games
Beer - ANS-Casual drink
Belief in "limited good" - ANS-• If you have too much good, there is only so much that
can go around, so you must be taking it away from other people
• People become fearful; conceal affairs if they have good fortune
• Don't display wealth or "put on airs"
• If you make someone jealous, you could be the victim of evil eye, or witchcraft
• Also don't want to be jealous, or you be questioned of witchcraft as well
Berdache - ANS-Males that live their lives in the role of females. Cooked, gathered
foods, dressed as women. They were accepted by their tribes.
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