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Summary The cognitive interview
Detailed AO1 knowledge and AO3 evaluation of the cognitive interview.
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What is the cognitive interview?The cognitive interview (CI) is a method of interviewing eyewitnesses about what they can recall
from a crime scene or event that they witnessed. It was developed by Geiselman and Fisher
(1985). It is designed to enhance recall and increase the amount of information that is recalled
.
AO1 AO3
• Recall everything- Witnesses are asked In reality, many police forces do use this type of
to recall as much detail as they can, interview as it is expensive to train officers and
however trivial it might seem. This will it is time-consuming. Reinstate the context and
enable them to move on and recall report everything that has been found to yield
more information the best results when used in combination.
• Recall the events in reverse order- Fisher (1999)- CI is effective
Witnesses are asked to tell the events Trained detectives in Florida how to conduct
starting from the end. This makes the the cognitive interview and then compared the
witness think very carefully about the amount of information obtained from cognitive
event and what they witnessed. The interviews of real-life witnesses to that
reverse order means witnesses cannot obtained from standard interviews,
rely on schemas or prior knowledge to A second Eyewitness was then asked to confirm
influence them if this information was correct
• Reinstate the context- The witness has The cognitive interview was 46% more detailed
to think about what was happening at and was 90% accurate
the time of the event. This may prompt
a new memory if they try to recall the - Koehnken (1999)- CI isn’t effective
context of the event found that witness also recalled more incorrect
information due to the extra information given.
• Describe events from the perspective These are known as confabulations.
of someone else - Here the witness More time consuming
needs to see the event from someone
else’s viewpoint. This again makes the
witness think about the event in a
different way so may bring up new
memories.
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