Exam (elaborations)
Parenteral Therapies
- Module
- Breathing pat. in labor
- Institution
- Breathing Pat. In Labor
Parenteral Therapies
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
Next Generation RN,💊 💊
Lesson 6-A: Parenteral Therapies
Lesson 6-B: Medications
From NCSBN site created by Galyna P.
💙 💙
Lesson 6-A: Parenteral Therapies
Drug/Medication Safety
,Drug/Medication Safety
Medication Administration
Two major goals of medication administration are to prevent or limit adverse drug
events (ADEs) and to recognize dangerous side effects.
ADEs and side effects of a drug are not the same thing. An ADE is an unexpected
pharmacologic effect that occurs despite correct dosing and correct administration of
a medication.
A side effect is a secondary, unintended effect of drug therapy that was discovered
in the clinical trials for the drug and is disclosed within drug packaging. Unlike ADEs,
side effects can be foreseen. The nurse will educate or reinforce education for the
client about the most common side effects of the client's prescribed medication(s).
Allergic and anaphylactic reactions are severe and potentially life-threatening side
effects that the nurse must monitor the client for, especially with medications the
client is receiving for the first time. Other examples of potentially fatal drug reactions
are toxic epidermal necrolysis
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are
severe cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions. Drugs, especially sulfa drugs,
anti-epileptics and antibiotics, are the most common causes.
SJS and TEN are clinically similar except for their distribution. By one commonly
accepted definition, changes affect less than 10% of the body surface area in SJS
and more than 30% of body surface area in TEN.
, Within 1 to 3 weeks after the start of the offending drug, clients develop a prodrome
of malaise, fever, headache, cough and keratoconjunctivitis. Then macules appear
suddenly, often in a target configuration, usually on the face, neck and upper trunk.
These macules simultaneously appear elsewhere on the body, coalesce into large
flaccid bullae and slough over a period of 1 to 3 days. Nails and eyebrows may be
lost along with epithelium. The palms and soles may be involved. Skin, mucosal and
eye pain are common. In some cases, diffuse erythema is the first skin abnormality
of toxic epidermal necrolysis.
In severe cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis, large sheets of epithelium slide off the
entire body at pressure points (Nikolsky sign), exposing weepy, painful and
erythematous skin. Painful oral crusts and erosions, keratoconjunctivitis and genital
problems (e.g., urethritis, phimosis) accompany skin sloughing in up to 90% of
cases. Bronchial epithelium may also slough, causing cough and dyspnea.
(TEN) and Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are severe
cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions. Drugs, especially sulfa drugs, anti-epileptics
and antibiotics, are the most common causes.
SJS and TEN are clinically similar except for their distribution. By one commonly
accepted definition, changes affect less than 10% of the body surface area in SJS
and more than 30% of body surface area in TEN.
Within 1 to 3 weeks after the start of the offending drug, clients develop a prodrome
of malaise, fever, headache, cough and keratoconjunctivitis. Then macules appear
suddenly, often in a target configuration, usually on the face, neck and upper trunk.
These macules simultaneously appear elsewhere on the body, coalesce into large
flaccid bullae and slough over a period of 1 to 3 days. Nails and eyebrows may be
lost along with epithelium. The palms and soles may be involved. Skin, mucosal and
eye pain are common. In some cases, diffuse erythema is the first skin abnormality
of toxic epidermal necrolysis.
In severe cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis, large sheets of epithelium slide off the
entire body at pressure points (Nikolsky sign), exposing weepy, painful and
erythematous skin. Painful oral crusts and erosions, keratoconjunctivitis and genital
problems (e.g., urethritis, phimosis) accompany skin sloughing in up to 90% of
cases. Bronchial epithelium may also slough, causing cough and dyspnea.
(SJS).
The U.S.
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for protecting the American
public by approving, regulating and monitoring all drugs, vaccines and other
biological products used to treat and/or prevent human diseases and medical
conditions.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller modockochieng06. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £6.45. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
81113 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now