All of the main rebellions faced by Elizabeth I during her reign, including Oxfordshire rising, Tyrone's rebellion, Essex rebellion, Desmond rebellions (Fitzgerald) and Shane O'Neill rebellion.
Rebellion: Oxfordshire Rising Date: 1596 Location: Enslow Hill, Oxfordshire
Leaders No. of rebels: 4 Monarch: Elizabeth I
• Commons– Government Army: Not Required Government management:
Threat The ringleaders and an additional man
Bartholomew
Non-existent, only four men answered the who never actually went to the hill
Steer call to rally and the group disbanded after 2 were arrested, taken to London and
hours realising no one was joining them. tortured to discover their plans.
Causes However, they did plan to murder 7 local Maximum of 20 people were aware of
landlords involved in enclosing. this rebellion but 5 were charged with
• Anger over En- treason. Two hanged, drawn and quar-
Success
closure tered. The rest were imprisoned for life.
Failed to an extent. Not enough people
• Economic prob- turned up to enact and actions and they were Privy council did later prosecute several
betrayed by one of the men they approached local landowners for illegally enclosing
lems
to his lord of their plans. However later land- land and restored it to common use.
• Famine owners were prosecuted for enclosing.
• Falling wages Context
and rising prices Elizabeth had been Queen for 38 years. England currently at war with Ireland and Spain
are still a threat. Extreme economic hardship experienced throughout England at this time
• Epidemics
, Rebellion: Essex Rebellion Date: 1601 Location: London
Leaders No. of rebels: 300 Monarch: Elizabeth I
Government Army: Government management:
• Robert Dev-
Threat
ereux, Earl After attempting to seize
Only threat was the location in
London Essex returned to
of Essex. London but army not strong
Essex house burned his
Causes enough to cause an actual threat.
private letters and surren-
• Robert Cecil’s
Success dered, with the rebellion
power
Complete Failure. Last ditch lasting 12 hours.
• His Debts
• Sweet wine attempt to save himself the He was arrested and exe-
money ended. failed miserably. cuted for treason.
• Ireland Context
Replacing Leicester, Essex was a “favourite” of Elizabeth. England was currently at war with Ire-
(Tyrone’s rebel-
land in the Tyrone’s rebellion. In an attempt to reprove himself to Elizabeth he went to Ireland
lion) to solve the issues. Failed miserably and by 1600 was in £15,000 of debt.
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