Summary
Summary Topic 5 - Acid-Base Equilibria
- Institution
- CCEA
These are the complete notes for the CCEA A2 1 specification and have been created through multiple sources. However, they are not endorsed by CCEA.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
ChemistryTopic 5: Acid-Base Equilibria
Recap
Acid + metal salt + hydrogen
Acid + base salt + water
Acid + alkali salt + water
Acid + carbonate salt + water + carbon dioxide
Brønsted-Lowry acid is a proton (H+), donor
Brønsted-Lowry base is a proton (H+), acceptor
HCl – monobasic
H2SO4 – Dibasic
H3PO4 – Tribasic
Conjugate acid-base pairs
An acid is related to its conjugate base by the fact that the acid has one more hydrogen ion than its
conjugate base.
A base is related to its conjugate acid H3O+ by the fact that the base has one hydrogen ion less than its
conjugate acid.
Example
H2O + HCl ⇌ H3O+ + Cl-
Acid -----> conjugate base
Base ----------> conjugate acid
Acid Conjugate base Base Conjugate acid
H2SO4 HSO4- NH3 NH4+
HNO3 NO3- H2O H3O+
H2O OH- HSO4- H2SO4-
CH3CO2H CH3CO2- SO42- HSO4-
An acid-base pair is a pair of two species that transform into each other by gain or loss of a proton.
The acidity of a solution depends on the concentration of [H + (aq)] and is measured on the pH scale.
pH = -log[H+(aq)]
The relationship between pH and [H+(aq)] has a ‘see-saw’ relationship – when one goes up, the other goes
down. A low pH means a high [H+(aq)] and vice versa.
Strong and weak acids
The strength of an acid HA is the extent of its dissociation of H + and A- ions.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller JArchy123. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for £2.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
53340 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now