Topic 4: the reign of Henry VIII after
1529
Religious change •
Religious legislation in the 1530s and 1540s
and opposition •
The Dissolution of the Monasteries and Chantries
•
The Pilgrimage of Grace
•
The Fall of Cromwell
- The Cleaves marriage
- Religious policy and Henry VIII
• Enemies at Court
Thomas Cromwell • Cromwell’s rise
• Cromwell’s reform of government in the 1530s
- Government
- Royal Power
• Parliament
Foreign policy in the • War With France
1540s • The Capture of Boulogne
• War With Scotland
• The Treaty of Greenwich and the rough wooing
Faction in 1540s; • The extent of Henry VIII’s role in government in
the 1540s and his declining health
• Howard vs. Seymour Factions
• Factional conflict in the 1540s
• Henry’s will and the dry stamp
Reasons for religious changes 1529-1536
Changes that occurred between 1529 and 1536 had little
impact on the doctrine of the Church in England
Henry’s wish for the divorce played a crucial role for the
BREAK WITH ROME (1534) as the length of time Henry spent
suggests he was reluctant to break Rome thus supports the
view he was not against papal authority
In the parliament of 1529, MPs attacked what they claimed
were widespread abuses in the Church which allowed Henry to
claim the Church needed reform
- 1530 – the Church was charged with PRAEMUNIRE but this
was withdrawn in 1531 on payment of fine
- 1532 – MPs asked Henry to take action against CLERICAL
ABUSE of their legal powers = the Church had to surrender
the right to enact new clerical laws (clergy agreed and voted
through the submission of the clergy
The ACT IN RESTRAINT OF ANNATES (1532) banned the
payment of most clerical taxes to Rome
1
, Berenice Ings – The Early Tudors: 1485-1558
In 1532 THOMAS MORE (LORD CHANCELLOR) resigned due to
the fact he could not accept Henry as supreme head of the
church
1533 – Anne Boleyn was pregnant and this resulted with the
momentous decision to sever ties with Rome and declare in
the preamble to the ACT IN RESTRAINT OF APPEALS that ‘this
realm of England is an empire…governed by one supreme
head and king having the dignity and royal estate of the
imperial crown of the same…’
The ACT IN RESTRAINT OF APPEALS = prevented any appeals
to any authority outside England on the list of issues
mentioned in the Act (such as the divorce) thus prevented
Catherine from appealing to the pope to prevent the divorce
and allowed the ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY, THOMAS
CRAMER, to pronounce on it
1534 ACT OF SUPREMACY recognise HENRY AS THE HEAD
OF THE CHURCH IN ENGLAND – God-given authority – meant
the Church was now subject to lay control in its day-to-day
running
By the end of 1534, THOMAS CROMWELL had been appointed
as the king’s deputy (vicegerent) in church affairs
Jurisdictional changes
February 1553 ACT IN RESTRAINT OF APPEALS
prevents appeals to the pope on religious matters
and foreign powers (pope) cannot interfere in
England
January 1534 ACT IN RESTRAINT OF ANNATES
stopped payments to Rome and gave the kin the
right to appoint bishops
March 1534 ACT OF THE SUBMISSION OF THE CLERGY
gives the king control of the CONVOCATION and
prevents the church from contacting with Rome
March 1534 ACT OF SUCCESSION
ends Catherine’s claim to be Henry’s wife and
therefore makes Henry illegitimate whilst his
marriage to Anne is declared legal and treason to
criticise it
March 1534 THE DISPENSATIONS ACT
stopped all payments to Rome and gave the
archbishop of Canterbury the right to decide all
legal cases that departed from church law
November 1534 ACT OF SUPREMACY
Henry has control of the church including matters of
doctrine and beliefs.
December 1534 ACT FOR FIRST FRUIT AND TENTHS
2
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