English language analysis used for any subject allows critical thinking for any exam board, includes and explains key terms and the formation of the English lexicon.
, Lexis and semantics
How to analyse: Old English/German lexis are more common
Context >> lexis >> semantics >> e.g come, ask, buy
grammar >> syntax >> discourse >>
graphology French/Latin lexis are more sophisticated
e.g arrive, request, acquire
Inventing new words :
Borrow from other languages
Adapt existing words
Eponym – named after person
Propriety/proper names – given by an organisation Acronyms – letters that
Analogy – basing off of similar logic sound like a word = LOL
Neologism/coinage – completely new word or expression Initialism – letters sound
phonetically = DVD
Reusing words Archaic – no longer
Before root word = prefixes current/applicable
After root word = suffixes Obsolete – no longer have a
Changing a word without adding a suffix = conversion use
Combining 2 separate words = compounding
Shortening words or phrases = clipping
Remembered imagined affix = back formation
Fusing to make new words = blending Remember
-who wrote it
-secondary/primary purpose
-intentions
Semantic change -audience
-influence
Sematic change – a word’s meaning changes
Broadening – word acquires more meaning than before
Narrowing – a word acquires a more specific meaning
Free morpheme = stand alone with a meaning
Bound morpheme = can’t stand alone
Polysemic – words with a range of meanings
Collocation – words that go together nicely
Denotation – dictionary definition of a word
Connotation – emotional association and symbolic meaning
Hypernym – broad category
Hyponym – links of words
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