Exam (elaborations)
Kubernetes - CKA.
- Module
- A level Biology
- Institution
- A Level Biology
Exam of 15 pages for the course A level Biology at A level Biology (Kubernetes - CKA.)
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Kubernetes - CKACreate a namespace called ggckad-s0 in your cluster.
Run the following pods in this namespace.
A pod called pod-a with a single container running the kubegoldenguide/simple-http-server
image
A pod called pod-b that has one container running the kubegoldenguide/alpine-spin:1.0.0
image, and one container running nginx:1.7.9
Write down the output of kubectl get pods for the ggckad-s0 namespace. - correct
answer-kubectl create namespace ggckad-s0
kubectl run pod-a --image kubegoldenguide/simple-http-server -n ggckad-s0
kubectl run pod-b--image kubegoldenguide/apline-spin:1.0.0
kubectl run pod-b--image nginx:1.7.9
What is a pod? - correct answer-group of one or more containers, with shared
storage/network, and a specification for how to run the containers.
What is a service? - correct answer-A Service is an abstraction which defines a logical set of
Pods and a policy by which to access them.
What is kubelet? - correct answer-An agent service which runs on each node and enables
the slave to communicate with the master.
What is kubectl-proxy? - correct answer-A network proxy which reflects the services as
configured in Kubernetes API on each node.
What does the kube-apiserver do? - correct answer-The API server is a component of the
Kubernetes control plane that exposes the Kubernetes API. The API server is the front end
for the Kubernetes control plane.
What does the kube scheduler do? - correct answer-The kube-scheduler is responsible for
scheduling and distribution, and management of workloads on the worker nodes.
What is ETCD and what does it do for Kubernetes? - correct answer-Consistent and
highly-available key value store used as Kubernetes' backing store for all cluster data.
What is Ingress? - correct answer-Ingress exposes HTTP and HTTPS routes from outside
the cluster to services within the cluster. Traffic routing is controlled by rules defined on the
Ingress resource.
What is an ingress controller? Give some examples of Ingress Controllers. - correct
answer-An Ingress controller is responsible for fulfilling the Ingress, usually with a load
balancer, though it may also configure your edge router or additional frontends to help
handle the traffic. Ambassador, ISTIO, NGINX.
, What are the types of ingress? - correct answer-Single Service, SImple Fanout, Name
Based Virtual Hosting, TLS, Load Balancing.
All operations in this question should be performed in the ggckad-s2 namespace.
Create a ConfigMap called app-config that contains the following two entries:
'connection_string' set to 'localhost:4096'
'external_url' set to 'google.com'
Run a pod called question-two-pod with a single container running the
kubegoldenguide/alpine-spin:1.0.0 image, and expose these configuration settings as
environment variables inside the container. - correct answer-kubectl create configmap
my-config --from-literal=connection_string=localhost:4096
--from-literal=external_url=google.com -n ggckad-s2
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata
: name: question-two-pod
namespace: ggckad-s2
spec:
containers
- image: kubegoldenguide/alpine-spin:1.0.0
name: container-a envFrom:
- configMapRef:
name: app-config
Security: Name some ways you can secure a Kubernetes cluster - correct answer-Control
access to the Kubernetes API
Control access to kublet
Control the capabilities of a workload or user at runtime
protect cluster components from compromise
Security: Names some ways you can control access to the Kubernetes API? - correct
answer-Transport layer security for all API traffic
API authentication/authorization,
Security: What can you do to control access to the kublet - correct answer-Kubelets expose
HTTPS endpoints which grant control over the node and containers. By default Kubelets
allow unauthenticated access to this API.
Production clusters should enable Kubelet authentication and authorization.
Security: Name some ways you can control the capabilities of a workload or user at runtime.
- correct answer-Limit resource usage on a cluster
Controlling what privileges containers run with
Restrict network access
Restrict cloud metadata API access
Control with nodes pods may access.
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