LCSW Exam 2024 Questions and Answers 100% Accurate
Asceticism - ANSWER-Characterized by rigor and self-denial
Denial - ANSWER-refusing to believe or even perceive painful realities
Displacement - ANSWER-psychoanalytic defense mechanism that shifts sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person, as when redirecting anger toward a safer outlet
identification - ANSWER-the process by which, according to Freud, children incorporate
their parents' values into their developing superegos
Intellectualization - ANSWER-a coping mechanism in which the person analyzes a situation from an emotionally detached viewpoint
Introjection/Internalization - ANSWER-is the internalization of outside events or characteristics
of other people. Refers to the process of taking it all in or swallowing it whole.
Ex: a victim uses identification with the aggressor's
behaviors to help protect himself
Putting on a seat belt before driving.
Projection - ANSWER-psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which people disguise their own threatening impulses by attributing them to others
Rationalization - ANSWER-defense mechanism that offers self-justifying explanations in
place of the real, more threatening, unconscious reasons for one's actions
reaction formation - ANSWER-psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which the ego unconsciously switches unacceptable impulses into their opposites. Thus, people may express feelings that are the opposite of their anxiety-arousing unconscious feelings.
Repression - ANSWER-in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories
sublimation (defense mechanism) - ANSWER-- Rechanneling of drives or impulses that are personally or socially unacceptable into activities that are constructive.
EX: Mom of son killed by drunk driver, president of MADD. Undoing: Defense Mechanism - ANSWER-atoning for or trying to magically dispel unacceptable desires or acts
Id - ANSWER-a reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that, according to Freud, strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives. The id operates on the pleasure principle, demanding immediate gratification.
ego - ANSWER-the largely conscious, "executive" part of personality that, according to Freud, mediates among the demands of the id, superego, and reality. The ego operates
on the reality principle, satisfying the id's desires in ways that will realistically bring pleasure rather than pain.
Superego (Freud) - ANSWER-Represents the conscience, holds rules, values for socially acceptable behavior
Oral Stage (0-18 months) - ANSWER-pleasure centers on the mouth- sucking, biting, chewing
Anal Stage (18-36 months) - ANSWER-pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder elimination; coping with demands for control
phalic stage - ANSWER-According to Freud, the third psychosexual stage (from 3 to 6 years) in which gratification is focused on the genitals
latent stage - ANSWER-Freud's stage of psychosexual development occuring from about age 6 to puberty during which little happens in psychosexual terms
genital stage - ANSWER-Freud's last stage of personality development, from the onset of puberty through adulthood, during which the sexual conflicts of childhood resurface (at puberty) and are often resolved during adolescence).
Piaget's Theory - ANSWER-Theory stating that children actively construct their understanding of the world and go through four stages of cognitive development.
Assimilation (Piaget) - ANSWER-According to Piaget this is the process of fitting new ideas or concepts into existing ideas or concepts. It suggests that a child may change or
alter what he perceives in the outside world in order to fit his internal world.
Equilibrium (Piaget) - ANSWER-balance between assimilation and accommodation
Accommodation (Piaget) - ANSWER-adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information
Adaptation (Piaget) - ANSWER-The process of adjusting schemes in response to the environment by means of assimilation and accommodation. Object Permanence (Piaget) - ANSWER-concept, gained in infancy, that objects continue to exist even when they are hidden from view
Causality (piaget) - ANSWER-when a child recognizes certain events, cause other events
Pre operational Stage (Piaget) - ANSWER-2-7yrs; thinking is concrete, egocentric; language develops. A key characteristic of this stage is the symbolic function, which allows the child to learn through the use of mental images, language and other symbols that represent objects that aren't present. Children during this stage engage in symbolic play and can solve problems mentally
Concrete Operational Stage (Piaget) - ANSWER-7-12. The child develops the ability to understand constant factors in the environment, rules, and higher-order symbolic systems. Conservation is developed here.
Formal Operational Stage (Piaget) - ANSWER-12-adulthood. Children develop the ability to think logically in the abstract. They develop deductive reasoning skills and are capable of achieving post-conventional moral reasoning.
Erickson's Developmental Theory - ANSWER-Based on Freud's emphasis on unconscious motivation
Greater emphasis on the ego
Assumes that people are basically rational and that behavior is largely due to ego functioning.
Each of the 8 stages involves a psychosocial task that is to be mastered. If not mastered, the person still continues to develop, but the ego is damaged and subsequent stages will be affected.
Trust vs. Mistrust (Erikson) - ANSWER-0-1 years. Erikson's first stage during the first year of life, infants learn to trust when they are cared for in a consistent warm manner
sundowning (sundown syndrome) - ANSWER-a condition frequently reported (especially by family and professional caregivers), in which the affected individual is observed to become increasingly agitated, may become profoundly confused, emotionally volatile, and uncooperative (with a wide variety of behaviors across individuals). The signs of sundowning syndrome reliably occur with onset at or after daylight hours, and may become progressively more severe in cases of progressive forms of dementia. It also is observed in individuals who are survivors of traumatic brain
injuries, although it is not as well documented as with dementias.
Universalization - ANSWER-technique of therapeutic communication in which the thought or behavior expressed is normalized to help the client feel less disoriented and to remove barriers to effective problem-solving. experimental research design - ANSWER-random assignment of participants and the measure of intervention versus non-intervention.
Quasiexperimental designs - ANSWER-Experimental designs that do not involve random allocation of subjects to treatment combinations. Only has the intervention and comparison groups.
Pre-experimental designs - ANSWER-designs that offer little or no control over extraneous factors and only measures the effect of an intervention.
secondary gain - ANSWER-reward value of having a psychological or physical symptom, such as release from ordinary responsibilities
Malingering - ANSWER-Deliberate faking of a physical or psychological disorder motivated by gain.
tertiary gain - ANSWER-What the caretaker gets from the patient's symptoms (like an MD on an interesting case). Advantage or a benefit that a person with mental or physical illness brings to others as a result of the illness.
factitious disorder - ANSWER-Condition in which a person acts as if he or she has a physical or mental illness when he or she is not really sick.
premenstrual dysphoric disorder - ANSWER-a disorder marked by repeated episodes of
significant depression and related symptoms during the week before menstruation. To be diagnosed in this way, symptoms must occur in the final week before onset of menses, symptoms must improve within a few days after onset of menses, and symptoms must be minimal or absent in the week after menses.
psychodynamic theory - ANSWER-Freudian theory that unconscious forces determine behavior, and that relationships with family/caregivers in early life is the primary determinant of most areas of psychosocial functioning throughout the life cycle.
Cluster A personality disorders - ANSWER-(odd and eccentric disorders) paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal
Cluster B personality disorders - ANSWER-(dramatic, emotional and erratic disorders) antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic
Cluster C personality disorders - ANSWER-( anxious and fearful disorders) avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive
Vicarious Liability - ANSWER-Legal doctrine under which a party can be held liable for the wrongful actions of another party.
