Edexcel A Level Chemistry: Transition
Metals 2024 exam Questions and
Answers
What is a d block element? - Answer>>highest energy, last
valence electron in d-orbital
what is a transition metal? - Answer>>an element with one or
more stable ions with incomplete d orbitals
give 4 common properties of transition metals -
Answer>>variable oxidation states, forms complex ions,
catalytic properties, forms coloured compounds
what is a complex ion? - Answer>>metal ion surrounded by
ligands bonded by co-ordinate bonds
what is a ligand? - Answer>>negatively charged ion / neutral
molecule with a lone pair of electrons
what shape would a complex ion with a coordination number of 6
form? - Answer>>octahedral
what is coordination number? - Answer>>The number of
coordinate bonds attached to metal ion in a complex ion
What is a monodentate ligand? - Answer>>forms one
coordinate bond
What is a bidentate ligand? - Answer>>forms two coordinate
bonds
What is a polydentate ligand? - Answer>>forms five/six
coordinate bonds
, give 5 examples of a monodentate ligand - Answer>>Cl-, OH-,
CN-, NH3, H2O
give two examples of a bidentate ligand - Answer>>1,2-
diaminoethane (H2NCH2CH2NH2), ethanedioate (C2O4 2-)
give an example of a polydentate ligand - Answer>>EDTA 4-
what shape would a molecule with a coordination number of 2
form? - Answer>>linear
what shapes might a molecule with a coordination number of 4
form? - Answer>>tetrahedral, square planar
why might a molecule with a coordination number of 4 form a
tetrahedral shape? - Answer>>large ligands, eg Cl-
why do some transition metals form coloured compounds? -
Answer>>ligand binding splits 5d orbitals into two higher and
three at lower energy levels, light absorbed and promotes lower
electron to higher energy level, remaining wavelengths in visible
region transmitted, we see colour
why are Zn 2+ ions colourless? - Answer>>d orbitals full, no d-d
transition
why are Sc 3+ ions colourless? - Answer>>no electrons in the d
block
give the colour of the V 2+ ion (oxidation state 2) -
Answer>>Lavender
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