JMU SMAD 150: EXAM 2
commodity self - ANS-Individuals consume and pursue fashion to individuate
themselves yet do so in order to be societally accepted - to fit in and be popular.
Moreover, mass produced goods and fashion are used to produce fake individuality, a
"commodity self", an "image"
Implicit Claims - ANS-When the claim is not directly stated but is either suggested in the
wording or necessary to effectuate purpose
Explicit Claims - ANS-When the claim is clearly stated and spelled out, obvious. No
room for confusion.
Depictive Advertising (Type) - ANS-Also known as false advertising, refers to a
manufactured us of confusing, misleading, or blatantly untrue statements when
promoting a product
Subliminal Advertising (Type) - ANS-Hidden messages through images or sound to
influence the consumer's response without them being conscious of it. Below threshold
of perception.
Unconscious Effects of Advertising (Effect) - ANS-The way advertising affects us
without even realizing it, we take in millions of ads a day and don't even know
Product Placement - ANS-A practice in which manufacturers of goods or providers of a
service gain exposure for their products by paying for them to be featured in movies/tv
programs
Objectivity - ANS-The main idea of objectivity is an unobtainable goal
Objectivity Characteristics - ANS-Journalism has a "strong ethic of objectivity", editors
use personal judgement in assigned stories and resources, reporters interpret the new
perspective using their own personal judgement
Balance - ANS-When an issue has more than one side, the journalist should attempt to
achieve balance. If journalists do not provide us with a balance, then we must construct
it for ourselves.
Simplified Extended Conflict - ANS-Stories emphasize simple conflict between 2 people
, Surface Criticisms of Advertising - ANS-Manipulates us, makes us too materialistic, is
deceptive, is excessive, perpetuates stereotypes, exposes us to subliminal messages
Pseudo Claims - ANS-False or unreal claim
Pseudo Survey - ANS-Refers to a number of practices that may appear to be legitimate
polls but are not
Juxtaposition - ANS-Is a technique of print advertising in which a product image is
juxtaposed w/ an image of a person, object, or situation toward which the intended
audience can be assumed to have positive feelings
Puffery - ANS-Exaggerated claims on ads that cannot be tested for the truth
Social vs. Economic Responsibility - ANS-John Kenneth Galbraith - Companies
create/control demand, artificial demand/impact on resources, private consumption, not
public good
Children - ANS-Average American child sees 30,000 commercials per year, harmful
products are advertised, differentiating 'programming' from 'advertising'
Ads & Ideology - ANS-All advertising is ideological and its worldview is the story of
American capitalism - how the pursuit of happiness is fulfilled through the control of
wealth and the consumption of material things
Kellner - ANS-Reads social values in advertising content, criticizes consumer culture,
offers suggestions for avoiding manipulation by ads + fashion
Functions of Advertising + Fashion - ANS-Produce consumers, integrate consumers
within the consumer society
Kellner on 'Ideology' + 'Cultural Reproduction' - ANS-Ads sell not only products but
social values and ideals... Inducing people to participate in and thus reproduce
consumer society
Ads as Social Texts - Metonym - ANS-... Is the use of a linked term to stand in for an
object or concept
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