Exam (elaborations)
SMAD 150 Final Exam (4).
- Module
- JMU SMAD 150: EXAM 2
- Institution
- JMU SMAD 150: EXAM 2
SMAD 150 Final Exam (4).
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SMAD 150 Final Examderegulation - ANS-the belief that strong vertical integration will drive away competition
and exploit the consumer
Telecommunications Act of 1996 - ANS-FCC seems less concerned with regulating and
more concerned with helping companies dominant in the world market
localism - ANS-the belief that power is best shared among many people; benefits:
shared power involves more people in decision making and better serves the public
interest
concentration of ownership/efficiency - ANS-power is best concentrated amongst a few
people; benefits: promotes growth, uniform products, low prices, maximized profits;
trend towards media concentration
horizontal integration - ANS-one company buys another of the same type; increases
outlets for the same product (ex. Disney and 21st Century Fox)
vertical integration - ANS-one company buys supplies/distributors; (ex. AT&T and Time
Warner)
Privacy Threats: Criminal - ANS-hackers, foreign/domestic threats,
individuals/gangs/governments
Privacy Threats: Stealing Private Information - ANS-direct theft = phishing, spyware
indirect theft = hacking
Privacy Threats: hijacking - ANS-botnets
Privacy Threats: destroying information - ANS-viruses
Privacy Threats: Non-Criminal - ANS-businesses, research firms, government
Privacy Threats: commercial/governmental threats - ANS-monitor, sell information,
control, spam
, Privacy Threats: politically motivated privacy threats - ANS-releasing embarrassing and
private information about politicians, hacking certain servers and collecting information,
foreign manipulation of content on social media platforms
strategies we can employ to better protect our privacy - ANS-remove private information
we don't want shared with everyone, correct inaccuracies in places where information
about you is public, use false information when websites require it, limit usage of
allowing cookies, download software to protect your devices from threats, monitor
threats continually
Miller v California - ANS-- Miller was convicted in California for selling "obscene" adult
material
- question of what "obscene" is defined as and if it's protected under the 1st
amendment; deemed not to be
Falwell v Flynt - ANS-- In an issue of Hustler magazine, a "parody" of an ad claiming
Falwell had a drunken incestuous relationship with his mother in an outhouse
- Falwell sued for libel, invasion of privacy, and intentional infliction of emotional distress
which he won, but Hustler magazine later appealed and won
- questioned if freedom of speech protection extended to making offensive statements
about public figures resulting in distress
Red Lion Co v FCC - ANS-- The FCC passed a fairness doctrine that states if a
television or radio broadcast critiques a public figure in the context of news, political
debates, or editorializing, they must allow the person to respond or provide a rebuttal
- Red Lion Co. challenged this doctrine which they lost
- questioned if the FCC's fairness doctrine, concerning personal attacks of public
figures, violated the 1st amendment
New York Times v Sullivan - ANS-- NYT published an ad for contributing donations to
defend MLK, however, the ad contained several inaccuracies which the Public Safety
Commissioners felt reflected poorly on him despite not being mentioned
- unanimous decision for NYT
- private individuals have to prove: the public statement was false, damages/injuries
occurred, or the publisher/broadcaster was negligent in failing to determine the
truthfulness of the statement
First Amendment - ANS-protection for freedom of religion, press, peaceful assembly, or
the right of citizens to petition the government
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